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Assessment of Time Effects on Compressive Bearing Capacity of Steel Pipe Piles Driven in Clay Deposits of Persian Gulf 2 2 Offshore oil and gas extraction structures at shallow waters are conventionally supported by long driven steel pipe piles. In recent years, the direct CPT- or CPTu-based pile design methods have broadly been used to predict the bearing capacity of offshore piles in a more reliable manner. On the other hand, previous investigations have shown that the pile capacity is time-dependent (set-up and relaxation phenomena). However, time effects are missing in most CPT- or CPTu-based prediction methods. The main objective of this paper is to estimate the axial compressive bearing capacity of the offshore steel pipe piles driven in the marine clay deposits of the Persian Gulf based on some popular CPT/CPTu as well as static -based prediction methods. The estimated results are compared with the measured capacities obtained from the Pile Dynamic Analyzer (PDA) and the Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP). The measured values have been recorded at End-Of-Drive (EOD) and Beginning-Of-Restrike (BOR) conditions periodically up to nine months after pile installation. Then, the most reliable bearing capacity prediction methods are determined based on the shaft, base, and ultimate capacity values in short, medium, and long-term conditions. Here, five open-ended long steel pipe piles driven into very soft to hard marine clays of the Persian Gulf, Iran are considered to verify and evaluate the prediction quality of each method. It is shown that the ratio of predicted to measured ultimate bearing capacities obtained from the static analysis methods averagely have around 64% more scattering than the corresponding values obtained from the CPT and CPTu-based methods. The results of the current investigation can be employed in offshore piling projects of the Persian Gulf in which the time constraints of installation do not allow running dynamic load tests at different time intervals. 1 12 2021/06/22 1400/4/1 2022/01/2 1400/10/12 Amir Hossein Shamshirgaran Amir Hossein Shamshirgaran Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University IRAN shamshirgaran.amir@gmail.com Babak Ebrahimian Babak Ebrahimian Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University IRAN b_ebrahimian@sbu.ac.ir Offshore pile Bearing capacity CPTu PDA test Time function Set-up Bullock, P.J., Schmertmann, J.H., McVay, M.C. and Townsend, F.C., "Side shear setup. I: Test piles driven in Florida", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 131(3), pp. 301-310, Mar 2005.##Bullock, P.J., Schmertmann, J.H., McVay, M.C. and Townsend, F.C., "Side shear setup. II: Results from Florida test piles", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 131(3), pp. 301-310, Mar 2005.##Long, J. H., Kerrigan, J. A., and Wysockey, M. H. "Measured time effects for axial capacity of driven piling", Journal of Transportation Research Record 1663, pp. 57-63, 1999.##Tavenas, F., and Audy, R., "Limitations of the driving formulas for predicting bearing capacities of piles in sand", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 9(1), pp. 47-62, Feb 1972.##Samson, L., and Authier, J., "Change in pile capacity with time: Case histories", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 23(2), pp. 174-180, May 1986.##Zhang, M.Y., Liu, J.W., and Yu, X.X., "Field test study of time effect on ultimate bearing capacity of jacked pipe pile in soft clay", Rock and Soil Mechanics, Vol. 30(10), pp. 3005 3008, 2009.##Abu-Farsakh, M., Rosti, F., and Souri, A. "Evaluating pile installation and subsequent thixotropic and consolidation effects on setup by numerical simulation for full-scale pile load tests", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 52(11), pp. 1734-1746, 2015.##Komurka, V.E., Wagner, A.B. and Edil, T.B., "Estimating soil/pile set-up", Wisconsin Highway Research Program, Madison, WI, USA, Sep 2003.##Skov, R. a., and Denver, H., "Time-dependence of bearing capacity of piles", in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on the Application of Stress-Wave Theory to Piles, pp. 25-27, May 1988.##Axelsson, G., Long-term set-up of driven piles in sand, Institutionen för anläggning och miljö, Doctoral Thesis, 2000.##Long, J.H., Bozkurt, D., Kerrigan, J.A., and Wysockey, M.H., "Value of methods for predicting axial pile capacity", Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1663(1), pp. 57-63, 1999.##Camp III, W.M., and Parmar, H.S., "Characterization of pile capacity with time in the cooper marl: study of application of a past approach to predict long-term pile capacity", Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1663(1), pp.16-24, 1999.##Soderberg, L.O., "Consolidation theory applied to foundation pile time effects", Geotechnique, Vol. 11(3), pp. 217-225, Sep 1962.##Randolph, M.F., "Science and empiricism in pile foundation design", Geotechnique, Vol. 53(10), pp. 847-875, 2003.##Chow, F.C., Jardine, R.J., Nauroy, J.F. and Brucy, F., "Time-related increases in the shaft capacities of driven piles in sand", Geotechnique, Vol. 47(2), pp. 353-361, 1997.##Randolph, M.F., Carter, J.P., and Wroth, C.P., "Driven piles in clay-the effects of installation and subsequent consolidation", Geotechnique, Vol. 29(4), pp. 361-393, 1979.##Eslami, A., Aflaki, E. and Hosseini, B., "Evaluating CPT and CPTu based pile bearing capacity estimation methods using Urmiyeh Lake Causeway piling records", Scientia Iranica, Vol. 18(5), pp. 1009-1019, 2011.##Ebrahimian, B., Movahed, V., and Nazari, A., "Soil characterisation of South Pars field", Persian Gulf, Environmental Geotechnics, Vol. 1(2), pp. 96-107, 2014.##Niazi, F.S. and Mayne, P.W., "Cone penetration test based direct methods for evaluating static axial capacity of single piles", Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Vol. 31(4), pp. 979-1009, 2013.##American Petroleum Institute (API)., "Recommended practice for planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms - working stress design, RP2A-WSD", Washington, USA, 2007.##Kolk, H. J., and der Velde, E., "A reliable method to determine friction capacity of piles driven into clays", Offshore Technology Conference, Jan 1996.##Karlsrud, K., Clausen, C. J. F., and Aas, P. M., "Bearing capacity of driven piles in clay, the NGI approach", in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics, Vol. 1, pp. 775-782, Sep 2005.##Jardine, R., Chow, F., Overy, R., and Standing, J., "ICP design methods for driven piles in sands and clays", Vol. 112, Mar 2005.##Aoki, N., and Velloso, D. D. A., "An approximate method to estimate the bearing capacity of piles", in Proceedings of the 5th Pan-American Conference of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 1, pp. 367-376, 1975.##Clisby, M. B., Scholtes, R. M., Corey, M. W., Cole, H. A., Teng, P., and Webb, J. D., "An evaluation of pile bearing capacities", Final Report, Mississippi State Highway Department, Vol. 1, 1978.##Schmertmann, J. H., Guidelines for cone penetration test: performance and design, No. FHWA-TS-78-209. United States. Federal Highway Administration, Jul 1978.##De Ruiter, J., and Beringen, F. L., "Pile foundations for large North Sea structures", Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, Vol. 3(3), pp. 267-314, Jan 1979.##Tumay, M. T., and Fakhroo, M., "Friction pile capacity prediction in cohesive soils using electric quasi-static penetration tests", Interim Research, 1982.##Bustamante, M., and Gianeselli, L., "Pile bearing capacity prediction by means of static penetrometer CPT", In Proceedings of the 2nd European symposium on penetration testing, pp. 493-500, May 1982.##Price, G., and Wardle, I. F., "A comparison between cone penetration test results and the performance of small diameter instrumented piles in stiff clay", In Proceedings of the 2nd European symposium on penetration testing, Amsterdam, Vol. 2, pp. 775-780, 1982.##Eslami, A., and Fellenius, B. H., "Pile capacity by direct CPT and CPTu methods applied to 102 case histories", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 34(6), pp. 886-904, Dec 1997.##Niazi, F.S. and Mayne, P.W., "CPTu-based enhanced UniCone method for pile capacity", Engineering Geology, 212, pp. 21-34, Sep 2016.##Bullock, P.J., Schmertmann, J.H., McVay, M.C. and Townsend, F.C., "Side shear setup. I: Test piles driven in Florida", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 131(3), pp. 301-310, Mar 2005.##Bullock, P.J., Schmertmann, J.H., McVay, M.C. and Townsend, F.C., "Side shear setup. II: Results from Florida test piles", Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 131(3), pp. 301-310, Mar 2005.##Long, J. H., Kerrigan, J. A., and Wysockey, M. H. "Measured time effects for axial capacity of driven piling", Journal of Transportation Research Record 1663, pp. 57-63, 1999.##Tavenas, F., and Audy, R., "Limitations of the driving formulas for predicting bearing capacities of piles in sand", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 9(1), pp. 47-62, Feb 1972.##Samson, L., and Authier, J., "Change in pile capacity with time: Case histories", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 23(2), pp. 174-180, May 1986.##Zhang, M.Y., Liu, J.W., and Yu, X.X., "Field test study of time effect on ultimate bearing capacity of jacked pipe pile in soft clay", Rock and Soil Mechanics, Vol. 30(10), pp. 3005 3008, 2009.##Abu-Farsakh, M., Rosti, F., and Souri, A. "Evaluating pile installation and subsequent thixotropic and consolidation effects on setup by numerical simulation for full-scale pile load tests", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 52(11), pp. 1734-1746, 2015.##Komurka, V.E., Wagner, A.B. and Edil, T.B., "Estimating soil/pile set-up", Wisconsin Highway Research Program, Madison, WI, USA, Sep 2003.##Skov, R. a., and Denver, H., "Time-dependence of bearing capacity of piles", in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on the Application of Stress-Wave Theory to Piles, pp. 25-27, May 1988.##Axelsson, G., Long-term set-up of driven piles in sand, Institutionen för anläggning och miljö, Doctoral Thesis, 2000.##Long, J.H., Bozkurt, D., Kerrigan, J.A., and Wysockey, M.H., "Value of methods for predicting axial pile capacity", Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1663(1), pp. 57-63, 1999.##Camp III, W.M., and Parmar, H.S., "Characterization of pile capacity with time in the cooper marl: study of application of a past approach to predict long-term pile capacity", Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 1663(1), pp.16-24, 1999.##Soderberg, L.O., "Consolidation theory applied to foundation pile time effects", Geotechnique, Vol. 11(3), pp. 217-225, Sep 1962.##Randolph, M.F., "Science and empiricism in pile foundation design", Geotechnique, Vol. 53(10), pp. 847-875, 2003.##Chow, F.C., Jardine, R.J., Nauroy, J.F. and Brucy, F., "Time-related increases in the shaft capacities of driven piles in sand", Geotechnique, Vol. 47(2), pp. 353-361, 1997.##Randolph, M.F., Carter, J.P., and Wroth, C.P., "Driven piles in clay-the effects of installation and subsequent consolidation", Geotechnique, Vol. 29(4), pp. 361-393, 1979.##Eslami, A., Aflaki, E. and Hosseini, B., "Evaluating CPT and CPTu based pile bearing capacity estimation methods using Urmiyeh Lake Causeway piling records", Scientia Iranica, Vol. 18(5), pp. 1009-1019, 2011.##Ebrahimian, B., Movahed, V., and Nazari, A., "Soil characterisation of South Pars field", Persian Gulf, Environmental Geotechnics, Vol. 1(2), pp. 96-107, 2014.##Niazi, F.S. and Mayne, P.W., "Cone penetration test based direct methods for evaluating static axial capacity of single piles", Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Vol. 31(4), pp. 979-1009, 2013.##American Petroleum Institute (API)., "Recommended practice for planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms - working stress design, RP2A-WSD", Washington, USA, 2007.##Kolk, H. J., and der Velde, E., "A reliable method to determine friction capacity of piles driven into clays", Offshore Technology Conference, Jan 1996.##Karlsrud, K., Clausen, C. J. F., and Aas, P. M., "Bearing capacity of driven piles in clay, the NGI approach", in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics, Vol. 1, pp. 775-782, Sep 2005.##Jardine, R., Chow, F., Overy, R., and Standing, J., "ICP design methods for driven piles in sands and clays", Vol. 112, Mar 2005.##Aoki, N., and Velloso, D. D. A., "An approximate method to estimate the bearing capacity of piles", in Proceedings of the 5th Pan-American Conference of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 1, pp. 367-376, 1975.##Clisby, M. B., Scholtes, R. M., Corey, M. W., Cole, H. A., Teng, P., and Webb, J. D., "An evaluation of pile bearing capacities", Final Report, Mississippi State Highway Department, Vol. 1, 1978.##Schmertmann, J. H., Guidelines for cone penetration test: performance and design, No. FHWA-TS-78-209. United States. Federal Highway Administration, Jul 1978.##De Ruiter, J., and Beringen, F. L., "Pile foundations for large North Sea structures", Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, Vol. 3(3), pp. 267-314, Jan 1979.##Tumay, M. T., and Fakhroo, M., "Friction pile capacity prediction in cohesive soils using electric quasi-static penetration tests", Interim Research, 1982.##Bustamante, M., and Gianeselli, L., "Pile bearing capacity prediction by means of static penetrometer CPT", In Proceedings of the 2nd European symposium on penetration testing, pp. 493-500, May 1982.##Price, G., and Wardle, I. F., "A comparison between cone penetration test results and the performance of small diameter instrumented piles in stiff clay", In Proceedings of the 2nd European symposium on penetration testing, Amsterdam, Vol. 2, pp. 775-780, 1982.##Eslami, A., and Fellenius, B. H., "Pile capacity by direct CPT and CPTu methods applied to 102 case histories", Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 34(6), pp. 886-904, Dec 1997.##Niazi, F.S. and Mayne, P.W., "CPTu-based enhanced UniCone method for pile capacity", Engineering Geology, 212, pp. 21-34, Sep 2016.## ##

Integrated Management of Equipment in Automated Container Terminals 2 2 The efficiency of ports and container terminals is strongly related to the process of loading containers onto and unloading containers from the docked ships. In this research, an issue of integrated equipment management in automated container terminals with the aim of increasing efficiency has been studied. Due to this issue falls into NP-Hard problems, it was divided into two sub-problems: Allocating resources to containers and arranging the containers serviced by automated guided vehicles. Both sub-problems were formulated and expressed using the linear integer-programming model. The first sub-problem is solved by the allocation of random process resources with uniform distribution and the second part is solved using a Sorting Genetic Algorithm. The main parameters of the proposed solution methods were determined with Minitab software and Taguchi techniques. In order to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed solution methods, many numerical experiments have been examined and evaluated. The experimental results show that the proposed solutions are efficient for estimating the service time and the number of automated guided vehicles required to transporting the containers in the container ports. 13 27 2021/06/222021/09/9 1400/6/18 2022/01/22022/02/8 1400/11/19 Hassan Rashidi Hassan Rashidi Faculty of Statistics, Mathematics and Computer Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University iran hrashi@gmail.com Fatemeh Habibi Ehsaee Fatemeh Habibi Ehsaee Faculty of Statistics, Mathematics and Computer Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University iran f.habibi.ehsaparandni@gmail.com Fereshteh Azadi Parand Fereshteh Azadi Parand Faculty of Statistics, Mathematics and Computer Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University iran f.a.parand@gmail.com Automated Container Terminal Automated Guided Vehicle Quay Crane Yard Crane Kim, J.; Hong, E.J.; Yang, Y.; Ryu, K.R. Noisy Optimization of Dispatching Policy for the Cranes at the Storage Yard in an Automated Container Terminal. Applied Sciences. 2021, 11, 6922.##Steenken D, Winter T, Zimmermann U.T, "Stowage and Transport Optimisation in Ship Planning", Springer, Berlin, pp. 731-745, 2001.##Chen, L., Langevin, A., Lu, Z., Integrated scheduling of crane handling and truck transportation in a maritime container terminal. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 225 (1), 142e152. 2013.##Tang, L., Zhao, J., Liu, J., Modeling and solution of the joint quay crane and truck scheduling problem. European Journal of Operation Research, 236 (3), 978e990, 2014.##He, J., Huang, Y., Yan, W., Integrated internal truck, yard crane and quay crane scheduling in a container terminal considering energy consumption. Expert Syst. Appl. 42 (5), 2464e2487, 2015, .##Roy, D., de Koster, R., Stochastic modeling of unloading and loading operations at a container terminal using automated lifting vehicles, European Journal of Operational Research,. 266 (3), 895e910, 2018, .##Yang, Y., Zhong, M., Dessouky, Y., & Postolache, O., An integrated scheduling method for AGV routing in automated container terminals. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 126, 482-493, 2018.##Vahdani, B., Mansour, F., Soltani, M., Bi-objective optimization for integrating quay crane and internal truck assignment with challenges of trucks sharing. Knowl. Base Syst. 163, 675e692, 2019, ##https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2018.09.025##Zhao, Q., Ji, S., Guo, D., Research on cooperative scheduling of automated quayside cranes and automatic guided vehicles in automated container terminal. Math. Probl Eng. 1e15.##Castilla Rodríguez, I., Exposito-Izquierdo, C., Melian-Batista, B., Simulation-optimization for the management of the transshipment operations at maritime container terminals. Expert System Application, 139, 112852, 2020.##Kizilay, D., Van Hentenryck, P., & Eliiyi, D. T., Constraint programming models for integrated container terminal operations. European Journal of Operational Research, 286(3), 945-962, 2020.##Yue, L., Fan, H., & Ma, M., Optimizing configuration and scheduling of double 40 ft dual-trolley quay cranes and AGVs for improving container terminal services. Journal of Cleaner Production, 292, 126019,2021.##Lijun Y., Houming F., Mengzhi M., Optimizing configuration and scheduling of double 40 ft dual-trolley quay cranes and AGVs for improving container terminal services, Journal of Cleaner Production 292 (2021) 126019, 2021.##Rashidi, H and Tsang, E., (2015). Vehicle Scheduling in Port Automation: Advanced Algorithms for Minimum Cost Flow Problems, Second Edition (2nd ed.). CRC Press.##Kim, J.; Hong, E.J.; Yang, Y.; Ryu, K.R. Noisy Optimization of Dispatching Policy for the Cranes at the Storage Yard in an Automated Container Terminal. Applied Sciences. 2021, 11, 6922.##Steenken D, Winter T, Zimmermann U.T, "Stowage and Transport Optimisation in Ship Planning", Springer, Berlin, pp. 731-745, 2001.##Chen, L., Langevin, A., Lu, Z., Integrated scheduling of crane handling and truck transportation in a maritime container terminal. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 225 (1), 142e152. 2013.##Tang, L., Zhao, J., Liu, J., Modeling and solution of the joint quay crane and truck scheduling problem. European Journal of Operation Research, 236 (3), 978e990, 2014.##He, J., Huang, Y., Yan, W., Integrated internal truck, yard crane and quay crane scheduling in a container terminal considering energy consumption. Expert Syst. Appl. 42 (5), 2464e2487, 2015, .##Roy, D., de Koster, R., Stochastic modeling of unloading and loading operations at a container terminal using automated lifting vehicles, European Journal of Operational Research,. 266 (3), 895e910, 2018, .##Yang, Y., Zhong, M., Dessouky, Y., & Postolache, O., An integrated scheduling method for AGV routing in automated container terminals. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 126, 482-493, 2018.##Vahdani, B., Mansour, F., Soltani, M., Bi-objective optimization for integrating quay crane and internal truck assignment with challenges of trucks sharing. Knowl. Base Syst. 163, 675e692, 2019,##Zhao, Q., Ji, S., Guo, D., Research on cooperative scheduling of automated quayside cranes and automatic guided vehicles in automated container terminal. Math. Probl Eng. 1e15.##Castilla Rodríguez, I., Exposito-Izquierdo, C., Melian-Batista, B., Simulation-optimization for the management of the transshipment operations at maritime container terminals. Expert System Application, 139, 112852, 2020.##Kizilay, D., Van Hentenryck, P., & Eliiyi, D. T., Constraint programming models for integrated container terminal operations. European Journal of Operational Research, 286(3), 945-962, 2020.##Yue, L., Fan, H., & Ma, M., Optimizing configuration and scheduling of double 40 ft dual-trolley quay cranes and AGVs for improving container terminal services. Journal of Cleaner Production, 292, 126019,2021.##Lijun Y., Houming F., Mengzhi M., Optimizing configuration and scheduling of double 40 ft dual-trolley quay cranes and AGVs for improving container terminal services, Journal of Cleaner Production 292 (2021) 126019, 2021.##Rashidi, H and Tsang, E., (2015). Vehicle Scheduling in Port Automation: Advanced Algorithms for Minimum Cost Flow Problems, Second Edition (2nd ed.). CRC Press.## ##

Improvement of facilitated Jacket platform model using mixed dimensional coupling theory and modal testing 2 2 The jacket structure is the key facility for the exploitation of marine resources. Offshore oil platforms located in an earthquake zone need to be analyzed for the structural response. A real offshore structure is always intricate and has to be idealized to diverse degree to fit in to the framework of the mathematical model for dynamic analysis. This work addresses the need for such a facilitated structural computation model. The planned scheme is based on laboratory work for improving the facilitated model. This study describes the scheme in employing the MDC associated with the GA method to create and update the facilitated structural model for analyzing the responses of a jacket platform. The facilitated modelling is first calculated based on MDC method, and then the platform model is refined and improved based on recorded modal features. Considering the presented model, the expense of analysis of jacket offshore structures is considerably reduced without incurring any loss of precision. Therefore, improvement of such approaches would be acutely beneficial to spread out technologies that can be applied for jacket structures with saving of both time and cost. 29 40 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/18 1400/5/27 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/16 1400/11/27 Farhad Hosseinlou Farhad Hosseinlou Faculty of civil engineering and architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz iran F.hosseinlou@scu.ac.ir Najmeh Karami Najmeh Karami Department of Civil Engineering, University of Qom iran Najmeh.karami73@gmail.com Ehsan Dehghani Firoozabadi Ehsan Dehghani Firoozabadi Department of Civil Engineering, University of Qom iran Dehghani@qom.ac.ir Ehsan Jeddi Ehsan Jeddi Faculty of civil engineering and architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz iran e-jedi@stu-scu.ac.ir Jacket offshore platform Vibration experiment Mixed-dimensional coupling (MDC) Model updating Genetic Algorithm (GA) Li, Z.X., Chan, T.H.T., Yu, Y., Sun, Z.H., (2009). 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Vienna: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.##Mojtahedi, A., Hokmabady, H., yaghubzadeh, A., (2020), An improved model reduction-modal based method for model updating and health monitoring of an offshore jacket-type platform, Ocean Engineering. 209, 107495.##Hokmabady, H., Mojtahedi,A., Mohammadyzadeh, S., (2020), Uncertainty analysis of an offshore jacket-type platform using a developed numerical model updating technique, ocean engineering. 211, 107608.##Wang, S.H., Li, Y., Li, H., (2015), Structural model updating of an offshore platform using the cross model cross mode method: An experimental study, Ocean Engineering. 97, 57-64.##Hosseinlou, F., Mojtahedi, A., Lotfollahi, M.A., (2017), Developing a SIM strategy for offshore jacket platforms based on the FE model updating and a novel simplified method, Ocean Engineering. 145, 158-176.##Li, M., Hong, Z., (2011), New iterative method for model updating based on model reduction, Mechanical Systems and Signal processing. 25, 180-192.##Zhang, D.W., Li, S., (1995), Succession-level approximate reduction (SAR) technique for structural dynamic model. 13th International Modal Analysis Conference, Nashville, 435-441.##Lin, R.M., Ewins, D. 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Ltd., New Delhi, 195-221.##Mata, P., Barbatt, A.H., Oller, S., (2008), Two-scale approach for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of RC structures with local non-prismatic parts. Eng. Struct. 30, 3667-3680.##Armstrong, C.G., Mccune, R.W., Robinson, D.J., (1998), multi-dimensional analysis modelling. Proc. 6th ACME Annual Conference on Computational Mechanics in UK, pp. 47-50, Exeter.##Monaghan, D.J., Lee, K.Y., Armstrong, C.G., Ou, H., (2000), Mixed Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Frame Models. Proc. 10th ISOPE Conference, Seattle. 4, 263-269.##Monaghan, D.J., Doherty, I.W., Mccourt, D., Armstrong, C.G., (1998), Coupling 1D Beams to 3D Bodies", 7th International Meshing Roupndtable, Sandia National Laboratories. 285-293.##Timoshenko, S.P., Goodier, J.N., (1970), Theory of Elasticity", 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.##Shim, K., Monaghan, D., Armstrong, C., (2002), Mixed dimensional coupling in finite element stress analysis. Eng Comput 18, 241-252.##Goldberg, D.E., Holland, J.H., (1988), Genetic algorithms and machine learning. Machine Learning, 3(2), 95-99.##Holland, J.H., (1992), Genetic algorithms. Scientific American, 267(1), 66-73.##Mirjalili, S., (2019), Evolutionary algorithms and neural networks: Theory and applications (Studies in Computational Intelligence Book 780) 1st ed., Kindle Edition.##Ramezani, M., Bathaei, A., Zaheri, S.M., (2017). Designing fuzzy systems for optimal parameters of TMDs to reduce seismic response of tall buildings. Smart Struct Syst, 20(1), 61-74.##Hosseinlou, F., (2021), Laboratory tests on a hybrid SDR approach for jacket platforms via improved dynamic-reduction system. Applied Ocean Research, 107; 102496.##Li, Z.X., Chan, T.H.T., Yu, Y., Sun, Z.H., (2009). Concurrent multi-scale modeling of civil infrastructures for analyses on structural deterioration - Part I: modeling methodology and strategy. Finite Elem. Anal. Des. 45, 782-794.##Wang, F.Y., Xu, Y.L., Qu, W.L., (2014), Mixed-dimensional finite element coupling for structural multi-scale simulation. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 92, 12-25.##Mccune, R.W., ARMSTRONG, C.G., ROBINSON, D.J., (2000), Mixed dimensional coupling in finite element models. Int. Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. 49, 725-750.##https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0207(20001030)49:63.0.CO;2-W##https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0207(20001030)49:63.0.CO;2-W##https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0207(20001030)49:63.0.CO;2-W##WENZEL, H., (2009), Health monitoring of bridges. Vienna: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.##Mojtahedi, A., Hokmabady, H., yaghubzadeh, A., (2020), An improved model reduction-modal based method for model updating and health monitoring of an offshore jacket-type platform, Ocean Engineering. 209, 107495.##Hokmabady, H., Mojtahedi,A., Mohammadyzadeh, S., (2020), Uncertainty analysis of an offshore jacket-type platform using a developed numerical model updating technique, ocean engineering. 211, 107608.##Wang, S.H., Li, Y., Li, H., (2015), Structural model updating of an offshore platform using the cross model cross mode method: An experimental study, Ocean Engineering. 97, 57-64.##Hosseinlou, F., Mojtahedi, A., Lotfollahi, M.A., (2017), Developing a SIM strategy for offshore jacket platforms based on the FE model updating and a novel simplified method, Ocean Engineering. 145, 158-176.##Li, M., Hong, Z., (2011), New iterative method for model updating based on model reduction, Mechanical Systems and Signal processing. 25, 180-192.##Zhang, D.W., Li, S., (1995), Succession-level approximate reduction (SAR) technique for structural dynamic model. 13th International Modal Analysis Conference, Nashville, 435-441.##Lin, R.M., Ewins, D. J., (1994), Analytical model improvement using frequency response functions. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 8(4), 437-458.##Li, H., Ding, H., (2010), Reduction-based model updating of a scaled offshore platform structure. Journal of Engineering mechanics, 136 (2).##Hosseinlou, F., Mojtahedi, A., (2016), FEM Updating for offshore jacket structures using measured incomplete modal data. Journal of maritime Technolog, IJMT. 5, 1-11.##Jensen, H.A., Millas, E., Kusanovic, D., Papadimitriou,C,(2014),Model reduction techniques for Bayesian finite element model updating using dynamic response data. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 279, 301-324.##Arora, V., Singh, S.P., Kundra, T.K., (2009), Finite element model updating with damping identification. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1111-1123.##Fathi, A., Esfandiari, A., Fadavie, M., Mojtahedi, A., (2020), Damage detection in an offshore platform using incomplete noisy FRF data by a novel Bayesian model updating method. Ocean Engineering, 217, 108023.##Malekzehtab, H., Golafshani, A.A., (2013), Damage detection in an offshore jacket platform using genetic algorithm based finite element model updating with noisy modal data. Procedia Engineering, 54, 480-490.##Esfandiari, A., Bakhtiarinejad, F., Rahai, A., Sanayei, M., (2009), Structural model updating using frequency response function and quasi-linear sensitivity equation. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 326, 557-573.##Yuan, Y., Dai, H., (2009), The direct updating of damping and gyroscopic matrices. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 231, 255-261.##Ersdal, G., Oma, N., (2019), Investigation of updating methods for probability-informed inspection planning for offshore structures. Materials Science and Engineering, 700, 012034.##Hyde, T.H., Fessler, H., (1996), Tubular Frames: Collapse prediction using models, Fatigue in Offshore Structures, Vol. 1, (Eds. W.D. Dover and A.G. Madhava Rao), Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 195-221.##Mata, P., Barbatt, A.H., Oller, S., (2008), Two-scale approach for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of RC structures with local non-prismatic parts. Eng. Struct. 30, 3667-3680.##Armstrong, C.G., Mccune, R.W., Robinson, D.J., (1998), multi-dimensional analysis modelling. Proc. 6th ACME Annual Conference on Computational Mechanics in UK, pp. 47-50, Exeter.##Monaghan, D.J., Lee, K.Y., Armstrong, C.G., Ou, H., (2000), Mixed Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Frame Models. Proc. 10th ISOPE Conference, Seattle. 4, 263-269.##Monaghan, D.J., Doherty, I.W., Mccourt, D., Armstrong, C.G., (1998), Coupling 1D Beams to 3D Bodies", 7th International Meshing Roupndtable, Sandia National Laboratories. 285-293.##Timoshenko, S.P., Goodier, J.N., (1970), Theory of Elasticity", 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.##Shim, K., Monaghan, D., Armstrong, C., (2002), Mixed dimensional coupling in finite element stress analysis. Eng Comput 18, 241-252.##Goldberg, D.E., Holland, J.H., (1988), Genetic algorithms and machine learning. Machine Learning, 3(2), 95-99.##Holland, J.H., (1992), Genetic algorithms. Scientific American, 267(1), 66-73.##Mirjalili, S., (2019), Evolutionary algorithms and neural networks: Theory and applications (Studies in Computational Intelligence Book 780) 1st ed., Kindle Edition.##Ramezani, M., Bathaei, A., Zaheri, S.M., (2017). Designing fuzzy systems for optimal parameters of TMDs to reduce seismic response of tall buildings. Smart Struct Syst, 20(1), 61-74.##Hosseinlou, F., (2021), Laboratory tests on a hybrid SDR approach for jacket platforms via improved dynamic-reduction system. Applied Ocean Research, 107; 102496.## ##

Interaction study of factors on theeffect of explosion on vertical and horizontal pressure vessels using response surface method 2 2 Oil, gas, and petrochemical facilities are strategic industry facilities, and their passive defense issues are of high priority in every country. Explosions due to sabotage or‌‌ aerial bombardments are of the most important factors in considering issues related to passive defense in the abovementioned facilities. In this study, the effect of blast loading on pressure vessels is investigated. The research issue is the study on the interaction between factors that affect on responses of pressure vessels under blast loading. For this purpose, the response surface method and central composite method were used for design numerical tests. Four factors were selected, type of pressure vessel (vertical or horizontal), the thickness of vessel body, the yield strength of steel vessel, and the amount of explosive material. Two responses were studied, the maximum displacement of pressure vessels and the residual displacement of pressure vessels. The result shows that the quadratic equation is the best model to provide equations. Then for two responses according to the four factors presented equations. These equations are simple and practical for engineers and researchers. The result shows that for both of the selected responses, in the stronger explosion, the role of body thickness and type of steel is the same but in the weaker explosion, the role of yield strength increased. In addition, it was found that role of the amount of explosive material is more than another parameter. And the interaction of material explosive by other parameters in vertical type is more than horizontal pressure vessels. 41 52 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/15 1400/9/24 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/9 1401/1/20 Hamed Khalilpour Hamed Khalilpour University of Qom University iran s.hamed.khalilpour@gmail.com Ruhollah Amirabadi Ruhollah Amirabadi University of Qom University iran r.amirabadi@qom.ac.ir Mahdi Adjami Mahdi Adjami Shahrood University of Technology iran adjami@shahroodut.ac.ir Pressure Vessel Oil and Gas Facilities HE Explosion RMS method Passive Defense UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC), "Structures To Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited," no. May 2005, 2005, [Online]. Available: http://dod.wbdg.org/.##M. Giglio, "Spherical vessel subjected to explosive detonation loading," Int. J. Press. Vessel. Pip., vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 83-88, 1997, doi: 10.1016/S0308-0161(97)00024-0.##K. Mazaheri, M. Mirzaei, and H. Biglari, "Transient dynamic response of tubes to internal detonation loading," J. Sound Vib., vol. 297, no. 1-2, pp. 106-122, 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2006.03.027.##R. Dezvareh, "Application of Soft Computing in the Design and Optimization of Tuned Liquid Column-Gas Damper for Use in Offshore Wind Turbines," Int. J. Coast. offshore Eng., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 47-57, 2019, doi: 10.29252/ijcoe.2.4.47.##R. Dezvareh, "Upgrading the seismic capacity of pile-supported wharfs using semi-active liquid column gas damper," J. Appl. Comput. Mech., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 112-124, 2020, doi: 10.22055/jacm.2019.28242.1466.##M. Mirzaei, "Failure analysis of an exploded gas cylinder," Eng. Fail. Anal., vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 820-834, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2007.11.005.##M. Mirzaei, "On amplification of stress waves in cylindrical tubes under internal dynamic pressures," Int. J. Mech. Sci., vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 1292-1303, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2008.05.007.##J. N. Dyer, A. P. Raibagkar, M. Kolbe, and E. Salzano, "Blast damage consideratons for horizontal pressure vessel and potential for domino effects," Chem. Eng. Trans., vol. 26, pp. 87-92, 2012, doi: 10.3303/CET1226015.##M. Mirzaei, M. Malekan, and E. Sheibani, "Failure analysis and finite element simulation of deformation and fracture of an exploded CNG fuel tank," Eng. Fail. Anal., vol. 30, pp. 91-98, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.01.015.##S. Yasseri, "Blast Pressure Distribution," no. July, 2015.##X. dong Zhi, S. bo Qi, and F. Fan, "Temporal and spatial pressure distribution characteristics of hemispherical shell structure subjected to external explosion," Thin-Walled Struct., vol. 137, no. August 2018, pp. 472-486, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2019.01.021.##B. Y. Zhang, H. H. Li, and W. Wang, "Numerical study of dynamic response and failure analysis of spherical storage tanks under external blast loading," J. Loss Prev. Process Ind., vol. 34, pp. 209-217, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2015.02.008.##K. Hu, G. Chen, R. Abbassi, Z. Zhou, T. Zeng, and Y. Yang, "A novel approach to distinguish the uniform and non-uniform distribution of blast loads in process industry," Process Saf. Environ. Prot., vol. 134, pp. 416-428, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.10.037.##S. Lu, W. Wang, W. Chen, J. Ma, Y. Shi, and C. Xu, "Behaviors of Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell Storage Tank under Blast Impacts," Shock Vib., vol. 2019, 2019, doi: 10.1155/2019/6515462.##B. Ebrahimi, S. A. Shojaosadati, S. O. Ranaie, and S. M. Mousavi, "Optimization and evaluation of acetylcholine esterase immobilization on ceramic packing using response surface methodology," Process Biochem., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 81-87, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.08.007.##Y. Moradi and R. Dezvareh, "Volume2 , Issue 6 ( June 2012 ) ISSN : 2250-0588 SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF CUBIC BURIED TANKS REGARDING SOIL Volume2 , Issue 6 ( June 2012 ) ISSN : 2250-0588," vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 24-34, 2012.##UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC), "Structures To Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited," no. May 2005, 2005, [Online]. Available: http://dod.wbdg.org/.##M. Giglio, "Spherical vessel subjected to explosive detonation loading," Int. J. Press. Vessel. Pip., vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 83-88, 1997, doi: 10.1016/S0308-0161(97)00024-0.##K. Mazaheri, M. Mirzaei, and H. Biglari, "Transient dynamic response of tubes to internal detonation loading," J. Sound Vib., vol. 297, no. 1-2, pp. 106-122, 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2006.03.027.##R. Dezvareh, "Application of Soft Computing in the Design and Optimization of Tuned Liquid Column-Gas Damper for Use in Offshore Wind Turbines," Int. J. Coast. offshore Eng., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 47-57, 2019, doi: 10.29252/ijcoe.2.4.47.##R. Dezvareh, "Upgrading the seismic capacity of pile-supported wharfs using semi-active liquid column gas damper," J. Appl. Comput. Mech., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 112-124, 2020, doi: 10.22055/jacm.2019.28242.1466.##M. Mirzaei, "Failure analysis of an exploded gas cylinder," Eng. Fail. Anal., vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 820-834, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2007.11.005.##M. Mirzaei, "On amplification of stress waves in cylindrical tubes under internal dynamic pressures," Int. J. Mech. Sci., vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 1292-1303, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2008.05.007.##J. N. Dyer, A. P. Raibagkar, M. Kolbe, and E. Salzano, "Blast damage consideratons for horizontal pressure vessel and potential for domino effects," Chem. Eng. Trans., vol. 26, pp. 87-92, 2012, doi: 10.3303/CET1226015.##M. Mirzaei, M. Malekan, and E. Sheibani, "Failure analysis and finite element simulation of deformation and fracture of an exploded CNG fuel tank," Eng. Fail. Anal., vol. 30, pp. 91-98, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.01.015.##S. Yasseri, "Blast Pressure Distribution," no. July, 2015.##X. dong Zhi, S. bo Qi, and F. Fan, "Temporal and spatial pressure distribution characteristics of hemispherical shell structure subjected to external explosion," Thin-Walled Struct., vol. 137, no. August 2018, pp. 472-486, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2019.01.021.##B. Y. Zhang, H. H. Li, and W. Wang, "Numerical study of dynamic response and failure analysis of spherical storage tanks under external blast loading," J. Loss Prev. Process Ind., vol. 34, pp. 209-217, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2015.02.008.##K. Hu, G. Chen, R. Abbassi, Z. Zhou, T. Zeng, and Y. Yang, "A novel approach to distinguish the uniform and non-uniform distribution of blast loads in process industry," Process Saf. Environ. Prot., vol. 134, pp. 416-428, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.10.037.##S. Lu, W. Wang, W. Chen, J. Ma, Y. Shi, and C. Xu, "Behaviors of Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell Storage Tank under Blast Impacts," Shock Vib., vol. 2019, 2019, doi: 10.1155/2019/6515462.##B. Ebrahimi, S. A. Shojaosadati, S. O. Ranaie, and S. M. Mousavi, "Optimization and evaluation of acetylcholine esterase immobilization on ceramic packing using response surface methodology," Process Biochem., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 81-87, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.08.007.##Y. Moradi and R. Dezvareh, "Volume2 , Issue 6 ( June 2012 ) ISSN : 2250-0588 SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF CUBIC BURIED TANKS REGARDING SOIL Volume2 , Issue 6 ( June 2012 ) ISSN : 2250-0588," vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 24-34, 2012.## ##

Maritime Traffic Complexity Visualization: A New Method for Identification of High Opportunity and High Risk Areas 2 2 A clear understanding of marine traffic complexity is vital for safe and efficient navigation inside ports (e.g., pilotage inside the basin). Built on statistical analysis of vessels’ speed and course over ground extracted from satellite-based Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, an index of maritime traffic situation is developed in this research. After zoning the port basin, this index is calculated at each zone based on a combination of statistical measures (e.g., mean and standard deviation of speed and course over ground), in which vessels’ class based on their size and targeted pier is also incorporated. The model could effectively increase the situational awareness by simple monitoring of navigation activities and reflecting improvements. This becomes possible by identification of high opportunity and high risk zones, i.e., those with high index value which call for operation modification which are far from and close to the infrastructures (e.g., breakwaters), respectively. To explore the model outcome, it is typically applied on the Rajaee port - the largest port of Iran located in the Persian Gulf - and output are discussed with port’s maritime operators to analyze results. This resulted in identification of challenging zones for which pilotage plans could be improved. Also, it provided insight for better implementation of the basin which also could be considered in future development plans of the port. 53 61 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/26 1400/9/5 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/9 1401/1/20 Qadir Allahmoradi Qadir Allahmoradi Tarbiat Modares University iran qallahmoradi@gmail.com Roozbeh Panahi Roozbeh Panahi University of Manitoba Canada roozbeh_panahi@yahoo.com Reza Edraki Reza Edraki Tarbiat Modares University iran reza.edraki@yahoo.com Hassan Akbari Hassan Akbari Tarbiat Modares University iran akbari.h@modares.ac.ir Traffic randomness Situational awareness AIS data port performance problems safety Kristiansen, S., (2013), Maritime transportation: safety management and risk analysis. 1st ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, p.6.##Zhang, D., Yan, X. P., Yang, Z. L., Wall, A., & Wang, J. (2013). Incorporation of formal safety assessment and Bayesian network in navigational risk estimation of the Yangtze River, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 118, 93-105.##IMO (2002) Guidelines for Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for use in the IMO rule-making process. MSC/Circ. 1023. London IMO (2012) Formal Safety Assessment, Outcome of MSC 90. Draft revised FSA guidelines and darft HEAP guidelines.##Fujii, Y. and Shiobara, R., (1971), The analysis of traffic accidents, The Journal of Navigation, Vol.24(4) p.534-543.##Macduff, T., (1974), The probability of vessel collisions, Ocean Industry, 9(9): 144-148.##Jiacai, P., Jiang, Q., Jinxing, H. and Zheping, S., (2012), An AIS data visualization model for assessing maritime traffic situation and its applications, Procedia Engineering, Vol.29, p.365-369.##Mazaheri, A., Montewka, J. and Kujala, P., (2014), Modeling the risk of ship grounding-a literature review from a risk management perspective, WMU journal of maritime affairs, Vol.13(2), p.269-297.##Olindersson, F. and Janson, C.E, (2015), Development of a software to identify and analyse marine traffic situations, International Conference on Marine Simulation and Ship Manoeuvrability (MARSIM), Newcastle, United Kingdom.##Zaman, M.B., Kobayashi, E., Wakabayashi, N. and Maimun, A., (2015), Risk of navigation for marine traffic in the Malacca Strait using AIS, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, Vol.14, p.33-40.##Williams, G., (1997), Chaos theory tamed. 1st ed. London: CRC Press, p.15.##Goulielmos, A.M., (2004), A treatise of randomness tested also in marine accidents. Disaster Prevention and Management, An International Journal, Vol.13(3), p. 208-217.##Mazaheri, A., (2017), A framework for evidence-based risk modeling of ship grounding, PhD Thesis, Aalto university, Finland.##Akhtar, M.J. and Utne, I.B., (2014), Human fatigue's effect on the risk of maritime groundings-A Bayesian Network modeling approach, Safety science, Vol.62, p.427-440.##Hanninen, M. and Kujala, P., (2009), The effects of causation probability on the ship collision statistics in the Gulf of Finland, Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, London: Taylor and Francis, p.267-272.##Cazzanti, L. and Pallotta, G., (2015), Mining maritime vessel traffic: Promises, challenges, techniques In OCEANS-Genova, Italy.##Altman, D.G., Machin, D., Bryant T.N., Gardner, M.J., (2001) Statistics with confidence. 2nd ed. London: BMJ Books, p.28-31.##Kristiansen, S., (2013), Maritime transportation: safety management and risk analysis. 1st ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, p.6.##Zhang, D., Yan, X. P., Yang, Z. L., Wall, A., & Wang, J. (2013). Incorporation of formal safety assessment and Bayesian network in navigational risk estimation of the Yangtze River, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 118, 93-105.##IMO (2002) Guidelines for Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for use in the IMO rule-making process. MSC/Circ. 1023. London IMO (2012) Formal Safety Assessment, Outcome of MSC 90. Draft revised FSA guidelines and darft HEAP guidelines.##Fujii, Y. and Shiobara, R., (1971), The analysis of traffic accidents, The Journal of Navigation, Vol.24(4) p.534-543.##Macduff, T., (1974), The probability of vessel collisions, Ocean Industry, 9(9): 144-148.##Jiacai, P., Jiang, Q., Jinxing, H. and Zheping, S., (2012), An AIS data visualization model for assessing maritime traffic situation and its applications, Procedia Engineering, Vol.29, p.365-369.##Mazaheri, A., Montewka, J. and Kujala, P., (2014), Modeling the risk of ship grounding-a literature review from a risk management perspective, WMU journal of maritime affairs, Vol.13(2), p.269-297.##Olindersson, F. and Janson, C.E, (2015), Development of a software to identify and analyse marine traffic situations, International Conference on Marine Simulation and Ship Manoeuvrability (MARSIM), Newcastle, United Kingdom.##Zaman, M.B., Kobayashi, E., Wakabayashi, N. and Maimun, A., (2015), Risk of navigation for marine traffic in the Malacca Strait using AIS, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, Vol.14, p.33-40.##Williams, G., (1997), Chaos theory tamed. 1st ed. London: CRC Press, p.15.##Goulielmos, A.M., (2004), A treatise of randomness tested also in marine accidents. Disaster Prevention and Management, An International Journal, Vol.13(3), p. 208-217.##Mazaheri, A., (2017), A framework for evidence-based risk modeling of ship grounding, PhD Thesis, Aalto university, Finland.##Akhtar, M.J. and Utne, I.B., (2014), Human fatigue's effect on the risk of maritime groundings-A Bayesian Network modeling approach, Safety science, Vol.62, p.427-440.##Hanninen, M. and Kujala, P., (2009), The effects of causation probability on the ship collision statistics in the Gulf of Finland, Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, London: Taylor and Francis, p.267-272.##Cazzanti, L. and Pallotta, G., (2015), Mining maritime vessel traffic: Promises, challenges, techniques In OCEANS-Genova, Italy.##Altman, D.G., Machin, D., Bryant T.N., Gardner, M.J., (2001) Statistics with confidence. 2nd ed. London: BMJ Books, p.28-31.## ##

Numerical Study on Body Form of Flettner Sail Using Computational Fluid Dynamics 2 2 According to the important rule of maritime transport in world trade and prevent the further emission of greenhouse gases, ships' propulsion system needs innovative designs. One of these plans was the rotor sail introduced in recent decades. This idea uses wind power to help propulsion ships and is based on the Magnus effect, which Anton Flettner proposed. The selected geometry is based on the experimental tests performed at Reynolds number 5800 for speed ratio 0 and 4 simulated. The numerical solution has been done by the CFD method, and the results of lift and drag coefficients are obtained and validated. The results show that by changing the body form, the behavior of fluid around it also changes and leads to a different distribution of velocity and pressure. For both models with a stationary cylinder, CD=0.67 and for the first rotational model, CL=6.35 & CD=1.076 and for the proposed form, CL=6.041 & CD=1.039.  63 71 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/5 1400/8/14 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/14 1401/1/25 Amir Hossein Gharagozloo Amir Hossein Gharagozloo Chabahar Maritime University iran Ah_gharagozloo@yahoo.com Mohammad Reza Negahdari Mohammad Reza Negahdari Chabahar Maritime University iran m.r.negahdari@gmail.com Abouzar Ebrahimi Abouzar Ebrahimi Chabahar Maritime University iran ab_ebrahimi@yahoo.com Rotor sail Magnus effect Flettner Numerical analysis Wind assisted ship propulsion Smith, T.W., et al., Third IMO greenhouse gas study 2014. 2015.##IMO. IMO action to reduce greenhouse emissions from international shipping. 2020; Available from: https://www.e- ports.com/regulations/19f9165a4d7440f2ac9e698362100492.##Badalamenti, C., On the application of rotating cylinders to micro air vehicles. 2010, City University London.##Thom, A., On the effect of discs on the air forces on a rotating cylinder. 1934: HM Stationery Office.##Swanson, W., The Magnus effect: A summary of investigations to date. 1961.##Chen, Y.-M., Y.-R. Ou, and A.J. Pearlstein, Development of the wake behind a circular cylinder impulsively started into rotatory and rectilinear motion. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1993. 253: p. 449-484.##Tokumaru, P. and P. Dimotakis, The lift of a cylinder executing rotary motions in a uniform flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1993. 255: p. 1-10.##Badalamenti, C. and S. Prince. Effects of endplates on a rotating cylinder in crossflow. in 26th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. 2008.##MOBINI, K., M. NIAZI, and I. IRAN, Large Eddy Simulation of Low Subcritical Reynolds NumberFlow across a Rotating Circular Cylinder.##Yuce, M. and D. Kareem, A Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow around Circular and Square Cylinders. Journal - American Water Works Association, 2016. 108: p. E546-E554.##De Marco, A., et al., Flettner rotor concept for marine applications: A systematic study. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2016. 2016.##Pullin, D., W. Cheng, and R. Samtaney. Large-eddy simulation of flow about a rotating cylinder at large Reynolds number. in THMT-18. Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer 9 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium On Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer. 2018. Begel House Inc.##Magnus, G., On the Deflection of a projectile. Poggendorf's Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 1853. 88: p. 804-810.##Robins, B., New Principles of Gunnary. London, UK, 1742.##Cengel, Y.A., Fluid mechanics. 2010: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.##Shih, T.-H., et al., A new k-ϵ eddy viscosity model for high reynolds number turbulent flows. Computers & fluids, 1995. 24(3): p. 227-238.##Fluent, A., 12.0 Tutorial Guide. Ansys Inc, 2011.##Smith, T.W., et al., Third IMO greenhouse gas study 2014. 2015.##IMO. IMO action to reduce greenhouse emissions from international shipping. 2020; Available from: https://www.e- ports.com/regulations/19f9165a4d7440f2ac9e698362100492.##Badalamenti, C., On the application of rotating cylinders to micro air vehicles. 2010, City University London.##Thom, A., On the effect of discs on the air forces on a rotating cylinder. 1934: HM Stationery Office.##Swanson, W., The Magnus effect: A summary of investigations to date. 1961.##Chen, Y.-M., Y.-R. Ou, and A.J. Pearlstein, Development of the wake behind a circular cylinder impulsively started into rotatory and rectilinear motion. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1993. 253: p. 449-484.##Tokumaru, P. and P. Dimotakis, The lift of a cylinder executing rotary motions in a uniform flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1993. 255: p. 1-10.##Badalamenti, C. and S. Prince. Effects of endplates on a rotating cylinder in crossflow. in 26th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. 2008.##MOBINI, K., M. NIAZI, and I. IRAN, Large Eddy Simulation of Low Subcritical Reynolds NumberFlow across a Rotating Circular Cylinder.##Yuce, M. and D. Kareem, A Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow around Circular and Square Cylinders. Journal - American Water Works Association, 2016. 108: p. E546-E554.##De Marco, A., et al., Flettner rotor concept for marine applications: A systematic study. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2016. 2016.##Pullin, D., W. Cheng, and R. Samtaney. Large-eddy simulation of flow about a rotating cylinder at large Reynolds number. in THMT-18. Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer 9 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium On Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer. 2018. Begel House Inc.##Magnus, G., On the Deflection of a projectile. Poggendorf's Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 1853. 88: p. 804-810.##Robins, B., New Principles of Gunnary. London, UK, 1742.##Cengel, Y.A., Fluid mechanics. 2010: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.##Shih, T.-H., et al., A new k-ϵ eddy viscosity model for high reynolds number turbulent flows. Computers & fluids, 1995. 24(3): p. 227-238.##Fluent, A., 12.0 Tutorial Guide. Ansys Inc, 2011.## ##

Impact of a set of XBeach calibration factors on the behavior of cross-shore profiles in medium-term timescales: A case study 2 2 XBeach is designed to model nearshore area in storm conditions and needs adjustments to be used for longer periods. One way to implement this model on a medium- or long-term time scale is to take the model through a calibration step. Selecting the right calibration factors amongst several parameters can be challenging. In this study, ten factors were selected based on the literature review to determine the extent and nature of their impact on the transformation of the sandy profiles of Zarabad fishery harbor in seven months (2006.02.20 to 2006.09.23). By 2DH modeling, the results are represented by two profiles from the study area. Six of the ten selected parameters had a significant effect on the behavior of the profiles, and the results of seven out of ten parameters showed a convergence point in their profiles. As a result of this study, it is possible to move more consciously and expedite the calibration process of further studies. Of course, changing the particle size, the beach slope, the modeling duration, and the energy level of the incoming waves in the area may lead to different results, which can lead to further studies. 72 85 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/52021/11/12 1400/8/21 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/142022/04/23 1401/2/3 Ali Shams Derakhshan Ali Shams Derakhshan Shahrood University of Technology iran ali_shdr@yahoo.com Mehdi Adjami Mehdi Adjami Shahrood University of Technology iran adjami@shahroodut.ac.ir Sensitivity Analyzes Sandy beach Sedimentation Bed level change Process-based modeling DHI, "MIKE, Powered by DHI", https://www.mikepoweredbydhi.com/.##Larson, M. and Kraus, N. C., "SBEACH: numerical model for simulating storm-induced beach change; report 1: empirical foundation and model development", Tech. Rep. - US Army Coast. Eng. Res. Cent., 89-9 (1989).##Roelvink, D., van Dongeren, A., McCall, R., Hoonhout, B., van Rooijen, A., van Geer, P., de Vet, L., Nederhoff, K., and Quataert, E., "XBeach Technical Reference: Kingsday Release", Model Descr. Ref. Guid. to Funct., pp. 1-141 (2015).##Deltares, "About Delft3D", http://oss.deltares.nl/web/delft3d/about.##Aquapublications, "CROSMOR 2012 model: modelling of cross-shore transport and morphology" (2012).##Trouw, K., Zimmermann, N., Mathys, M., Delgado, R., and Roelvink, D., "Numerical modelling of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the surf zone: A sensitivity study with different types of numerical models", Proc. Coast. Eng. Conf., 1(33), p. 23 (2012).##Wang, L., Zimmermann, N., Trouw, K., De Maerschalck, B., Delgado, R., Verwaest, T., and Mostaert, F., "Scientific support regarding hydrodynamics and sand transport in the coastal zone: calibration of a Long term morphological model of the Belgian shelf", WL Rapp., 12_107 (2015).##Pender, D. and Karunarathna, H., "A statistical-process based approach for modelling beach profile variability", Coast. Eng., 81, pp. 19-29 (2013).##Bart, L. J., "Long-term modelling with XBeach : combining stationary and surfbeat mode in an integrated approach", Delft University of technology (2017).##Bodde, W. P., McCall, R., Jansen, M. H. P., van den Berg, A., and Roelvink, D., "Long-term morphological modelling: combining storm impact and daily conditions in an integrated modeling framework", Coast. Dyn. 2017 (2017).##Van Bemmelen, C. W. T., "Long Term Process-Based Morphological Modelling of Pocket Beaches", p. 35 (2017).##Albert, K. M., "Modeling Morphological Change on Western Kenai Peninsula Beaches", University of Alaska Anchorage (2017).##Van Geer, P., Den Bieman, J., Hoonhout, B., and Boers, M., "XBeach 1D - Probabilistic model: ADIS, settings, Model uncertainty and Graphical User Interface", Tec. Rep 1209436-002-HYE, 1, p. 65 (2015).##Laknath, D. P. C. and Sasaki, J., "Elucidation of seasonal sediment transport processes in kirinda fishery harbour in Sri Lanka using X beach model", Proc. Int. Offshore Polar Eng. Conf., International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, pp. 1445-1452 (2012).##Tabasi, M., Soltanpour, M., and Ravindra, M. P., "Study and Modeling of Cross-Shore Sediment Transport At Zarabad Fishery Port", 37thIAHR World Congr., Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp. 3256-3265 (2017).##Shams Derakhshan, A., Adjami, M., and Neshaei, S. A., "Evaluation of Cross-Shore Profile Behavior in Medium-Term Timescales Using XBeach: A Case Study of Zarabad Fishery Harbor, Iran", Int. J. Coast. offshore Eng., 3(2), pp. 47-54 (2019).##Fernando, H. J. S., Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics: Systems, Pollution, Modeling, and Measurements, CRC press, 464(34), pp. 1-557 (2012).##Butt, T. and Russell, P., "Suspended sediment transport mechanisms in high-energy swash", Mar. Geol., 161(2-4), pp. 361-375 (1999).##Baldock, T. E., Holmes, P., Bunker, S., and Van Weert, P., "Cross-shore hydrodynamics within an unsaturated surf zone", Coast. Eng., 34(3-4), pp. 173-196 (1998).## ##

Monday effect in maritime financial variables: an anomaly in Baltic Exchange Dry Index (BDIY:IND) 2 2 Baltic Dry Index (BDIY:IND) is daily reported by Baltic Exchange. The index is a benchmark for the prices of ship chartering contracts which is a proxy for the maritime economy however the calendar anomalies of BDIY:IND have not yet been researched. This article investigates the day of week effects on BDIY:IND returns from 2014-03 to 2020-03. In this study, GARCH models were used to investigate the calendar effect on stock returns, and the Bootstrapping GARCH Regression is used to obtain the results with higher reliability. Regarding the correlation of time-based observations, the standard Bootstrap method does not apply to time series data; thus, the Bootstrap procedure based on resampling of GARCH's regression model residues is used in the present study. Based on a bootstrapping asymmetric GJR-GARCH approach, the results indicate that the Monday returns are significantly positive, which is in contrast with the usual findings in stock markets. It means the parties involved in shipping markets can still use information analysis as means to obtain further returns. The monetary figures of ship chartering contracts involve quite a large sum of money depends on movement of Baltic Dry Index hence having a knowledge of its behavior is vital for making smarter decisions for investors, shipowners and shipbrokers. 87 92 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/52021/11/122022/02/5 1400/11/16 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/142022/04/232022/07/16 1401/4/25 Kasra Pourkermani Kasra Pourkermani Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology iran pourkermani@kmsu.ac.ir Baltic Dry Index Bootstrap Days of week effects Asymmetric GARCH Wong, K.A., T.H. Hui, and C.Y. Chan, Day-of-the-week effects: evidence from developing stock markets. Applied Financial Economics, 1992. 2(1): p. 49-56.##Berument, H. and H. Kiymaz, The day of the week effect on stock market volatility. Journal of economics and finance, 2001. 25(2): p. 181-193. .##al, c.e., 1993.##Davidson, S. and R. Faff, Some additional Australian evidence on the day-of-the-week effect. Applied Economics Letters, 1999. 6(4): p. 247-249.##Abalala, T. and R. Sollis, The Saturday effect: an interesting anomaly in the Saudi stock market. Applied Economics, 2015. 47(58): p. 6317-6330.##Basher, S.A. and P. Sadorsky, Day-of-the-week effects in emerging stock markets. Applied Economics Letters, 2006. 13(10): p. 621-628.##Mlambo, C. and N. Biekpe, Seasonal effects: Evidence from emerging African stock markets. South African Journal of Business Management, 2006. 37(3): p. 41-52.##Zaremba, A., Performance persistence in anomaly returns: Evidence from frontier markets. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 2020. 56(12): p. 2852-2873.##Rossi, M. and A. Gunardi, Efficient market hypothesis and stock market anomalies: Empirical evidence in four European countries. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 2018. 34(1): p. 183-192.##Caporale, G.M. and A. Plastun, Calendar anomalies in the Ukrainian stock market. Guglielmo Maria Caporale and Alex Plastun (2017). Calendar anomalies in the Ukrainian stock market. Investment Management and Financial Innovations (open-access), 2017. 14(1): p. 104-114.##UDAYANI, V., Pengujian Monday Effect dan Rogalski Effect pada Return Saham LQ-45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. 2016, STIE Perbanas Surabaya.##Gkillas, K., et al., Day-of-the-week effect and spread determinants: Some international evidence from equity markets. International Review of Economics & Finance, 2021. 71: p. 268-288.##Miss, S., M. Charifzadeh, and T.A. Herberger, Revisiting the monday effect: a replication study for the German stock market. Management review quarterly, 2020. 70(2): p. 257-273.##Jaffe, J. and R. Westerfield, Patterns in Japanese common stock returns: Day of the week and turn of the year effects. Journal of financial and quantitative analysis, 1985. 20(2): p. 261-272.##Condoyanni, L., J. O'HANLON, and C.W. WARD, Day of the week effects on stock returns: international evidence. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 1987. 14(2): p. 159-174.##Akbalik, M. and N. Ozkan, Day of the week effect in the stock markets of fragile five countries after 2008 global financial crisis, in Global Financial Crisis and Its Ramifications on Capital Markets. 2017, Springer. p. 507-518.##Chiah, M. and A. Zhong, Day-of-the-week effect in anomaly returns: International evidence. Economics Letters, 2019. 182: p. 90-92.##Sullivan, R., A. Timmermann, and H. White, Dangers of data mining: The case of calendar effects in stock returns. Journal of Econometrics, 2001. 105(1): p. 249-286.##Sewell, M., The efficient market hypothesis: Empirical evidence. International Journal of Statistics and Probability, 2012. 1(2): p. 164.##Liu, L., The turn-of-the-month effect in the S;P 500 (2001-2011). Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 2013. 11(6): p. 269-276.##Schwert, G.W., et al., Handbook of the Economics of Finance. chap, 2003. 15: p. 939-974.##Lu, X. and H. Gao, The day of the week effect in Chinese stock market. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 2016. 3(3): p. 17-26.##Dutta, A., Modelling volatility: symmetric or asymmetric garch models. Journal of Statistics: Advances in Theory and Applications, 2014. 12(2): p. 99-108.##Bae, H.-O., et al., Volatility flocking by cucker-smale mechanism in financial markets. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 2020. 27(3): p. 387-414.##Nelson, D.B., Conditional heteroskedasticity in asset returns: A new approach. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1991: p. 347-370.##Glosten, L.R., R. Jagannathan, and D.E. Runkle, On the relation between the expected value and the volatility of the nominal excess return on stocks. The journal of finance, 1993. 48(5): p. 1779-1801.##Feng, X. and C. Zhang, A Perturbation Method to Optimize the Parameters of Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Model. Computational Economics, 2020. 55(3): p. 1021-1044.##Gong, P. and J. Dai, Monetary policy, exchange rate fluctuation, and herding behavior in the stock market. Journal of Business Research, 2017. 76: p. 34-43.##Harris, P., et al., Introducing bootstrap methods to investigate coefficient non-stationarity in spatial regression models. Spatial Statistics, 2017. 21: p. 241-261.##Krause, J., Introduction to bootstrap, in Introducing Bootstrap 4. 2016, Springer. p. 23-32.##Wong, K.A., T.H. Hui, and C.Y. Chan, Day-of-the-week effects: evidence from developing stock markets. Applied Financial Economics, 1992. 2(1): p. 49-56.##Berument, H. and H. Kiymaz, The day of the week effect on stock market volatility. Journal of economics and finance, 2001. 25(2): p. 181-193. .##al, c.e., 1993.##Davidson, S. and R. Faff, Some additional Australian evidence on the day-of-the-week effect. Applied Economics Letters, 1999. 6(4): p. 247-249.##Abalala, T. and R. Sollis, The Saturday effect: an interesting anomaly in the Saudi stock market. Applied Economics, 2015. 47(58): p. 6317-6330.##Basher, S.A. and P. Sadorsky, Day-of-the-week effects in emerging stock markets. Applied Economics Letters, 2006. 13(10): p. 621-628.##Mlambo, C. and N. Biekpe, Seasonal effects: Evidence from emerging African stock markets. South African Journal of Business Management, 2006. 37(3): p. 41-52.##Zaremba, A., Performance persistence in anomaly returns: Evidence from frontier markets. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 2020. 56(12): p. 2852-2873.##Rossi, M. and A. Gunardi, Efficient market hypothesis and stock market anomalies: Empirical evidence in four European countries. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 2018. 34(1): p. 183-192.##Caporale, G.M. and A. Plastun, Calendar anomalies in the Ukrainian stock market. Guglielmo Maria Caporale and Alex Plastun (2017). Calendar anomalies in the Ukrainian stock market. Investment Management and Financial Innovations (open-access), 2017. 14(1): p. 104-114.##UDAYANI, V., Pengujian Monday Effect dan Rogalski Effect pada Return Saham LQ-45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. 2016, STIE Perbanas Surabaya.##Gkillas, K., et al., Day-of-the-week effect and spread determinants: Some international evidence from equity markets. International Review of Economics & Finance, 2021. 71: p. 268-288.##Miss, S., M. Charifzadeh, and T.A. Herberger, Revisiting the monday effect: a replication study for the German stock market. Management review quarterly, 2020. 70(2): p. 257-273.##Jaffe, J. and R. Westerfield, Patterns in Japanese common stock returns: Day of the week and turn of the year effects. Journal of financial and quantitative analysis, 1985. 20(2): p. 261-272.##Condoyanni, L., J. O'HANLON, and C.W. WARD, Day of the week effects on stock returns: international evidence. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 1987. 14(2): p. 159-174.##Akbalik, M. and N. Ozkan, Day of the week effect in the stock markets of fragile five countries after 2008 global financial crisis, in Global Financial Crisis and Its Ramifications on Capital Markets. 2017, Springer. p. 507-518.##Chiah, M. and A. Zhong, Day-of-the-week effect in anomaly returns: International evidence. Economics Letters, 2019. 182: p. 90-92.##Sullivan, R., A. Timmermann, and H. White, Dangers of data mining: The case of calendar effects in stock returns. Journal of Econometrics, 2001. 105(1): p. 249-286.##Sewell, M., The efficient market hypothesis: Empirical evidence. International Journal of Statistics and Probability, 2012. 1(2): p. 164.##Liu, L., The turn-of-the-month effect in the S;P 500 (2001-2011). Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 2013. 11(6): p. 269-276.##Schwert, G.W., et al., Handbook of the Economics of Finance. chap, 2003. 15: p. 939-974.##Lu, X. and H. Gao, The day of the week effect in Chinese stock market. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 2016. 3(3): p. 17-26.##Dutta, A., Modelling volatility: symmetric or asymmetric garch models. Journal of Statistics: Advances in Theory and Applications, 2014. 12(2): p. 99-108.##Bae, H.-O., et al., Volatility flocking by cucker-smale mechanism in financial markets. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 2020. 27(3): p. 387-414.##Nelson, D.B., Conditional heteroskedasticity in asset returns: A new approach. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1991: p. 347-370.##Glosten, L.R., R. Jagannathan, and D.E. Runkle, On the relation between the expected value and the volatility of the nominal excess return on stocks. The journal of finance, 1993. 48(5): p. 1779-1801.##Feng, X. and C. Zhang, A Perturbation Method to Optimize the Parameters of Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Model. Computational Economics, 2020. 55(3): p. 1021-1044.##Gong, P. and J. Dai, Monetary policy, exchange rate fluctuation, and herding behavior in the stock market. Journal of Business Research, 2017. 76: p. 34-43.##Harris, P., et al., Introducing bootstrap methods to investigate coefficient non-stationarity in spatial regression models. Spatial Statistics, 2017. 21: p. 241-261.##Krause, J., Introduction to bootstrap, in Introducing Bootstrap 4. 2016, Springer. p. 23-32.##Wong, K.A., T.H. Hui, and C.Y. Chan, Day-of-the-week effects: evidence from developing stock markets. Applied Financial Economics, 1992. 2(1): p. 49-56.##Berument, H. and H. Kiymaz, The day of the week effect on stock market volatility. Journal of economics and finance, 2001. 25(2): p. 181-193. .##al, c.e., 1993.##Davidson, S. and R. Faff, Some additional Australian evidence on the day-of-the-week effect. Applied Economics Letters, 1999. 6(4): p. 247-249.##Abalala, T. and R. Sollis, The Saturday effect: an interesting anomaly in the Saudi stock market. Applied Economics, 2015. 47(58): p. 6317-6330.##Basher, S.A. and P. Sadorsky, Day-of-the-week effects in emerging stock markets. Applied Economics Letters, 2006. 13(10): p. 621-628.##Mlambo, C. and N. Biekpe, Seasonal effects: Evidence from emerging African stock markets. South African Journal of Business Management, 2006. 37(3): p. 41-52.##Zaremba, A., Performance persistence in anomaly returns: Evidence from frontier markets. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 2020. 56(12): p. 2852-2873.##Rossi, M. and A. Gunardi, Efficient market hypothesis and stock market anomalies: Empirical evidence in four European countries. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 2018. 34(1): p. 183-192.##Caporale, G.M. and A. Plastun, Calendar anomalies in the Ukrainian stock market. Guglielmo Maria Caporale and Alex Plastun (2017). Calendar anomalies in the Ukrainian stock market. Investment Management and Financial Innovations (open-access), 2017. 14(1): p. 104-114.##UDAYANI, V., Pengujian Monday Effect dan Rogalski Effect pada Return Saham LQ-45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. 2016, STIE Perbanas Surabaya.##Gkillas, K., et al., Day-of-the-week effect and spread determinants: Some international evidence from equity markets. International Review of Economics & Finance, 2021. 71: p. 268-288.##Miss, S., M. Charifzadeh, and T.A. Herberger, Revisiting the monday effect: a replication study for the German stock market. Management review quarterly, 2020. 70(2): p. 257-273.##Jaffe, J. and R. Westerfield, Patterns in Japanese common stock returns: Day of the week and turn of the year effects. Journal of financial and quantitative analysis, 1985. 20(2): p. 261-272.##Condoyanni, L., J. O'HANLON, and C.W. WARD, Day of the week effects on stock returns: international evidence. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 1987. 14(2): p. 159-174.##Akbalik, M. and N. Ozkan, Day of the week effect in the stock markets of fragile five countries after 2008 global financial crisis, in Global Financial Crisis and Its Ramifications on Capital Markets. 2017, Springer. p. 507-518.##Chiah, M. and A. Zhong, Day-of-the-week effect in anomaly returns: International evidence. Economics Letters, 2019. 182: p. 90-92.##Sullivan, R., A. Timmermann, and H. White, Dangers of data mining: The case of calendar effects in stock returns. Journal of Econometrics, 2001. 105(1): p. 249-286.##Sewell, M., The efficient market hypothesis: Empirical evidence. International Journal of Statistics and Probability, 2012. 1(2): p. 164.##Liu, L., The turn-of-the-month effect in the S;P 500 (2001-2011). Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 2013. 11(6): p. 269-276.##Schwert, G.W., et al., Handbook of the Economics of Finance. chap, 2003. 15: p. 939-974.##Lu, X. and H. Gao, The day of the week effect in Chinese stock market. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 2016. 3(3): p. 17-26.##Dutta, A., Modelling volatility: symmetric or asymmetric garch models. Journal of Statistics: Advances in Theory and Applications, 2014. 12(2): p. 99-108.##Bae, H.-O., et al., Volatility flocking by cucker-smale mechanism in financial markets. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 2020. 27(3): p. 387-414.##Nelson, D.B., Conditional heteroskedasticity in asset returns: A new approach. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1991: p. 347-370.##Glosten, L.R., R. Jagannathan, and D.E. Runkle, On the relation between the expected value and the volatility of the nominal excess return on stocks. The journal of finance, 1993. 48(5): p. 1779-1801.##Feng, X. and C. Zhang, A Perturbation Method to Optimize the Parameters of Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Model. Computational Economics, 2020. 55(3): p. 1021-1044.##Gong, P. and J. Dai, Monetary policy, exchange rate fluctuation, and herding behavior in the stock market. Journal of Business Research, 2017. 76: p. 34-43.##Harris, P., et al., Introducing bootstrap methods to investigate coefficient non-stationarity in spatial regression models. Spatial Statistics, 2017. 21: p. 241-261.##Krause, J., Introduction to bootstrap, in Introducing Bootstrap 4. 2016, Springer. p. 23-32.## ##

Determination of the power resonant frequency of an OWC converter based on the RLC circuit analytical approach 2 2 The oscillating water column is one of the most applicable and commercialized wave energy converters. There are some analytical-based simplified approaches like the rigid piston model for analyzing such converters in which the dynamic motion's damping, inertia, and stiffness are respectively modeled with a resistor, inductor, and capacitor (an RLC circuit). The power resonant frequency of wave energy converters is computed by solving the motion equation via its equivalent RLC circuit model. The free decay test is the other simple method for determining the resonant frequency and has been investigated experimentally. However, a comprehensive study is required. In this investigation, first, the effect of parameters like pressure, flow rate, and their phase difference on power resonant frequency, capture factor, etc., are conceptually investigated. Then, the relation between resonant frequency and free decay test frequency is studied for different chamber sizes. The results indicate that the free decay test frequency is generally close to the power resonant frequency. 93 105 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/52021/11/122022/02/52022/05/22 1401/3/1 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/142022/04/232022/07/162022/07/17 1401/4/26 Abuzar Abazari Abuzar Abazari Chabahar Maritime University iran abuzarabazari@cmu.ac.ir Mohammad Reza Zareei Mohammad Reza Zareei Chabahar Maritime University iran mrzarei@cmu.ac.ir Saleheh Poursheikhali Saleheh Poursheikhali Chabahar Maritime University iran s.poursheikhali@cmu.ac.ir Wave energy converter oscillating water column power resonant frequency free decay test phase difference RLC circuit EVANS, D.,(1978), The oscillating water column wave-energy device, IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics, 22(4), p. 423-433.##BRENDMO, A., FALNES, J. and LILLEBEKKEN, P.,(1996), Lineår modelling of oscillating water columns including viscous loss, Applied Ocean Research, 18(2-3), p. 65-75.##LOPES, M., et al.,(2009), Experimental and numerical investigation of non-predictive phase-control strategies for a point-absorbing wave energy converter, Ocean Engineering, 36(5), p. 386-402.##FALCÃO, A. F., HENRIQUES, J. C. and CÂNDIDO, J. J.,(2012), Dynamics and optimization of the OWC spar buoy wave energy converter, Renewable Energy, 48, p. 369-381.##KETABDARI, M. and AKHTARI, A.,(2012), Numerical modeling of oscillating water column wave energy convertor, International Journal of Advanced renewable energy research, 1(4).##SUZUKI, M., WASHIO, Y. and KUBOKI, T.,(2005), in The Fifteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. OnePetro.##MARTINS-RIVAS, H. and MEI, C. C.,(2009), Wave power extraction from an oscillating water column at the tip of a breakwater, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 626, p. 395-414.##EVANS, D. V. and PORTER, R.,(1997), Efficient calculation of hydrodynamic properties of OWC-type devices.##ŞENTÜRK, U. and ÖZDAMAR, A.,(2012), Wave energy extraction by an oscillating water column with a gap on the fully submerged front wall, Applied Ocean Research, 37, p. 174-182.##HAI, L., GÖTEMAN, M. and LEIJON, M.,(2016), A methodology of modelling a wave power system via an equivalent RLC circuit, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 7(4), p. 1362-1370.##HAI, L., SVENSSON, O., ISBERG, J. and LEIJON, M.,(2015), Modelling a point absorbing wave energy converter by the equivalent electric circuit theory: A feasibility study, Journal of Applied Physics, 117(16), p. 164901.##ZHAO, H.-T., SUN, Z.-L., HAO, C.-L. and SHEN, J.-F.,(2013), Numerical modeling on hydrodynamic performance of a bottom-hinged flap wave energy converter, China Ocean Engineering, 27(1), p. 73-86.##FARSANGI, M. A. A. and ZOHOOR, H.,(2019), Acoustic energy harvesting via magnetic shape memory alloys, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 52(13), p. 135501.##SIMONETTI, I., CAPPIETTI, L., EL SAFTI, H. and OUMERACI, H.,(2015), in International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, vol. 56574, p. V009T009A031.##VYZIKAS, T., DESHOULIÈRES, S., GIROUX, O., BARTON, M. and GREAVES, D.,(2017), Numerical study of fixed Oscillating Water Column with RANS-type two-phase CFD model, Renewable Energy, 102, p. 294-305.##ELHANAFI, A., FLEMING, A., MACFARLANE, G. and LEONG, Z.,(2017), Underwater geometrical impact on the hydrodynamic performance of an offshore oscillating water column-wave energy converter, Renewable Energy, 105, p. 209-231.##ÇELIK, A. and ALTUNKAYNAK, A.,(2020), Determination of damping coefficient experimentally and mathematical vibration modelling of OWC surface fluctuations, Renewable Energy, 147, p. 1909-1920.##ÇELIK, A. and ALTUNKAYNAK, A.,(2020), Determination of hydrodynamic parameters of a fixed OWC by performing experimental and numerical free decay tests, Ocean Engineering, 204, p. 106827.##ÇELIK, A. and ALTUNKAYNAK, A.,(2020), Estimation of water column surface displacement of a fixed oscillating water column by simple mechanical model with determination of hydrodynamic parameters via physical experimental model, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 146(5), p. 04020030.##PORTILLO, J., et al.,(2020), Wave energy converter physical model design and testing: The case of floating oscillating-water-columns, Applied Energy, 278, p. 115638.##FALTINSEN, O.,(1993), Sea loads on ships and offshore structures, Cambridge university press, vol. 1.##FALCÃO, A. D. O. and JUSTINO, P.,(1999), OWC wave energy devices with air flow control, Ocean Engineering, 26(12), p. 1275-1295.##GOMES, R., HENRIQUES, J., GATO, L. and FALCÃO, A. D. O.,(2012), Hydrodynamic optimization of an axisymmetric floating oscillating water column for wave energy conversion, Renewable Energy, 44, p. 328-339.##ABAZARI, A.,(2022), Dynamic Response of a Combined Spar-Type FOWT and OWC-WEC by a Simplified Approach, Renewable Energy Research and Applications.##EVANS, D.,(1978), The oscillating water column wave-energy device, IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics, 22(4), p. 423-433.##BRENDMO, A., FALNES, J. and LILLEBEKKEN, P.,(1996), Lineår modelling of oscillating water columns including viscous loss, Applied Ocean Research, 18(2-3), p. 65-75.##LOPES, M., et al.,(2009), Experimental and numerical investigation of non-predictive phase-control strategies for a point-absorbing wave energy converter, Ocean Engineering, 36(5), p. 386-402.##FALCÃO, A. F., HENRIQUES, J. C. and CÂNDIDO, J. J.,(2012), Dynamics and optimization of the OWC spar buoy wave energy converter, Renewable Energy, 48, p. 369-381.##KETABDARI, M. and AKHTARI, A.,(2012), Numerical modeling of oscillating water column wave energy convertor, International Journal of Advanced renewable energy research, 1(4).##SUZUKI, M., WASHIO, Y. and KUBOKI, T.,(2005), in The Fifteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. OnePetro.##MARTINS-RIVAS, H. and MEI, C. C.,(2009), Wave power extraction from an oscillating water column at the tip of a breakwater, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 626, p. 395-414.##EVANS, D. V. and PORTER, R.,(1997), Efficient calculation of hydrodynamic properties of OWC-type devices.##ŞENTÜRK, U. and ÖZDAMAR, A.,(2012), Wave energy extraction by an oscillating water column with a gap on the fully submerged front wall, Applied Ocean Research, 37, p. 174-182.##HAI, L., GÖTEMAN, M. and LEIJON, M.,(2016), A methodology of modelling a wave power system via an equivalent RLC circuit, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 7(4), p. 1362-1370.##HAI, L., SVENSSON, O., ISBERG, J. and LEIJON, M.,(2015), Modelling a point absorbing wave energy converter by the equivalent electric circuit theory: A feasibility study, Journal of Applied Physics, 117(16), p. 164901.##ZHAO, H.-T., SUN, Z.-L., HAO, C.-L. and SHEN, J.-F.,(2013), Numerical modeling on hydrodynamic performance of a bottom-hinged flap wave energy converter, China Ocean Engineering, 27(1), p. 73-86.##FARSANGI, M. A. A. and ZOHOOR, H.,(2019), Acoustic energy harvesting via magnetic shape memory alloys, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 52(13), p. 135501.##SIMONETTI, I., CAPPIETTI, L., EL SAFTI, H. and OUMERACI, H.,(2015), in International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, vol. 56574, p. V009T009A031.##VYZIKAS, T., DESHOULIÈRES, S., GIROUX, O., BARTON, M. and GREAVES, D.,(2017), Numerical study of fixed Oscillating Water Column with RANS-type two-phase CFD model, Renewable Energy, 102, p. 294-305.##ELHANAFI, A., FLEMING, A., MACFARLANE, G. and LEONG, Z.,(2017), Underwater geometrical impact on the hydrodynamic performance of an offshore oscillating water column-wave energy converter, Renewable Energy, 105, p. 209-231.##ÇELIK, A. and ALTUNKAYNAK, A.,(2020), Determination of damping coefficient experimentally and mathematical vibration modelling of OWC surface fluctuations, Renewable Energy, 147, p. 1909-1920.##ÇELIK, A. and ALTUNKAYNAK, A.,(2020), Determination of hydrodynamic parameters of a fixed OWC by performing experimental and numerical free decay tests, Ocean Engineering, 204, p. 106827.##ÇELIK, A. and ALTUNKAYNAK, A.,(2020), Estimation of water column surface displacement of a fixed oscillating water column by simple mechanical model with determination of hydrodynamic parameters via physical experimental model, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 146(5), p. 04020030.##PORTILLO, J., et al.,(2020), Wave energy converter physical model design and testing: The case of floating oscillating-water-columns, Applied Energy, 278, p. 115638.##FALTINSEN, O.,(1993), Sea loads on ships and offshore structures, Cambridge university press, vol. 1.##FALCÃO, A. D. O. and JUSTINO, P.,(1999), OWC wave energy devices with air flow control, Ocean Engineering, 26(12), p. 1275-1295.##GOMES, R., HENRIQUES, J., GATO, L. and FALCÃO, A. D. O.,(2012), Hydrodynamic optimization of an axisymmetric floating oscillating water column for wave energy conversion, Renewable Energy, 44, p. 328-339.##ABAZARI, A.,(2022), Dynamic Response of a Combined Spar-Type FOWT and OWC-WEC by a Simplified Approach, Renewable Energy Research and Applications.## ##

Satellite Image Dataset of Internal Waves in the Persian Gulf 2 2 In the present article we report for the first-time satellite image dataset on the internal waves of the Persian Gulf. These data include more than 3000 satellite images from Landsat 7, Landsat 8, Santinel-1, Santinel-2 and ASTER across the Persian Gulf, in which more than 400 images were detected internal waves during 2000 - 2015. The Prewitt and Canny's edge detection algorithm have been used to show internal waves in the satellite images. Also, some characteristics of internal waves, such as propagation direction, crest length, wavelength, width of solitons, length and area of packets and the distance of two consecutive packets inferred from imagery. This dataset of satellite images provides the main information for the analysis of internal waves in the Persian Gulf, which have been recorded in all seasons and in suitable weather conditions. 107 110 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/52021/11/122022/02/52022/05/222022/04/24 1401/2/4 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/142022/04/232022/07/162022/07/172022/09/5 1401/6/14 Hossein Farjami Hossein Farjami Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS) iran hfarjami@gmail.com Sajad Andi Sajad Andi Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University iran sajad.andi96@gmail.com Persian Gulf Internal Waves Dataset Satellite Imagery A. L. New and R. D. Pingree, "An intercomparison of internal solitary waves in the Bay of Biscay and resulting from Korteweg-de Vries-type theory," Prog. Oceanogr., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1-38, 2000.##J. R. Apel, "Oceanic internal waves and solitons," An atlas Ocean. Intern. solitary waves, vol. 322, pp. 1-40, 2002.##A. S. Epifanova, A. V Rybin, T. E. Moiseenko, O. E. Kurkina, A. A. Kurkin, and D. Y. Tyugin, "Database of observations of the internal waves in the world ocean," Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 350-356, 2019.##A. A. Kurekin, P. E. Land, and P. I. Miller, "Internal waves at the UK continental shelf: Automatic mapping using the ENVISAT ASAR sensor," Remote Sens., vol. 12, no. 15, p. 2476, 2020.##X. Zhang et al., "Oceanic internal wave amplitude retrieval from satellite images based on a data-driven transfer learning model," Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 272, p. 112940, 2022.##S. Andi, A. Rashidi Ebrahim Hesari, and H. Farjami, "Detection of internal waves in the Persian Gulf," Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 190-198, 2021.##A. Rashidi Ebrahim Hesari, S. Andi, and H. Farjami, "Study of Internal Waves in the Persian Gulf Using Field Data and Satellite Images," Int. J. Coast. Offshore Eng., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 9-16, 2019.##Z. Zhao, V. V Klemas, Q. Zheng, and X. Yan, "Satellite observation of internal solitary waves converting polarity," Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 30, no. 19, 2003.##J. Canny, "A computational approach to edge detection," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., no. 6, pp. 679-698, 1986.##T. Sahoo and S. Pine, "Design and simulation of various edge detection techniques using Matlab Simulink," in 2016 International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Power and Embedded System (SCOPES), 2016, pp. 1224-1228.##A. L. New and R. D. Pingree, "An intercomparison of internal solitary waves in the Bay of Biscay and resulting from Korteweg-de Vries-type theory," Prog. Oceanogr., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1-38, 2000.##J. R. Apel, "Oceanic internal waves and solitons," An atlas Ocean. Intern. solitary waves, vol. 322, pp. 1-40, 2002.##A. S. Epifanova, A. V Rybin, T. E. Moiseenko, O. E. Kurkina, A. A. Kurkin, and D. Y. Tyugin, "Database of observations of the internal waves in the world ocean," Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 350-356, 2019.##A. A. Kurekin, P. E. Land, and P. I. Miller, "Internal waves at the UK continental shelf: Automatic mapping using the ENVISAT ASAR sensor," Remote Sens., vol. 12, no. 15, p. 2476, 2020.##X. Zhang et al., "Oceanic internal wave amplitude retrieval from satellite images based on a data-driven transfer learning model," Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 272, p. 112940, 2022.##S. Andi, A. Rashidi Ebrahim Hesari, and H. Farjami, "Detection of internal waves in the Persian Gulf," Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 190-198, 2021.##A. Rashidi Ebrahim Hesari, S. Andi, and H. Farjami, "Study of Internal Waves in the Persian Gulf Using Field Data and Satellite Images," Int. J. Coast. Offshore Eng., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 9-16, 2019.##Z. Zhao, V. V Klemas, Q. Zheng, and X. Yan, "Satellite observation of internal solitary waves converting polarity," Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 30, no. 19, 2003.##J. Canny, "A computational approach to edge detection," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., no. 6, pp. 679-698, 1986.##T. Sahoo and S. Pine, "Design and simulation of various edge detection techniques using Matlab Simulink," in 2016 International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Power and Embedded System (SCOPES), 2016, pp. 1224-1228.##A. L. New and R. D. Pingree, "An intercomparison of internal solitary waves in the Bay of Biscay and resulting from Korteweg-de Vries-type theory," Prog. Oceanogr., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1-38, 2000.##J. R. Apel, "Oceanic internal waves and solitons," An atlas Ocean. Intern. solitary waves, vol. 322, pp. 1-40, 2002.##A. S. Epifanova, A. V Rybin, T. E. Moiseenko, O. E. Kurkina, A. A. Kurkin, and D. Y. Tyugin, "Database of observations of the internal waves in the world ocean," Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 350-356, 2019.##A. A. Kurekin, P. E. Land, and P. I. Miller, "Internal waves at the UK continental shelf: Automatic mapping using the ENVISAT ASAR sensor," Remote Sens., vol. 12, no. 15, p. 2476, 2020.##X. Zhang et al., "Oceanic internal wave amplitude retrieval from satellite images based on a data-driven transfer learning model," Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 272, p. 112940, 2022.##S. Andi, A. Rashidi Ebrahim Hesari, and H. Farjami, "Detection of internal waves in the Persian Gulf," Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 190-198, 2021.##A. Rashidi Ebrahim Hesari, S. Andi, and H. Farjami, "Study of Internal Waves in the Persian Gulf Using Field Data and Satellite Images," Int. J. Coast. Offshore Eng., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 9-16, 2019.##Z. Zhao, V. V Klemas, Q. Zheng, and X. Yan, "Satellite observation of internal solitary waves converting polarity," Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 30, no. 19, 2003.##J. Canny, "A computational approach to edge detection," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., no. 6, pp. 679-698, 1986.##T. Sahoo and S. Pine, "Design and simulation of various edge detection techniques using Matlab Simulink," in 2016 International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication, Power and Embedded System (SCOPES), 2016, pp. 1224-1228.## ##

Numerical Analysis of the Microstructural and Geometrical Effects on the Flexural Behavior of Sandwich Structures with Skin/Core Delamination 2 2 The effects of critical microstructural features on the mechanical behavior of sandwich structures under bending loading are investigated using the finite element method (FEM). The sandwich structures are made of a thick foam core and two thin skins consisting of laminated composites. The numerical results are extracted in the presence of the skin/core delamination which is one of the major failure modes of sandwich structures. The microstructural features include different types of woven fabric (E-glass, Kevlar and carbon), fiber volume fraction, number and arrangement type of layers in the composite skins, thickness and material properties of core, fracture toughness of adhesive face and the debonding length. Also, the effect of addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the foam core on the flexural properties of sandwich panels is studied. Comparisons are made between the predictions of the FEM and experimental measurements for the sandwich beams involving the skin/core delamination. A reasonable agreement is observed between two sets of results. It is found that the increase of fiber volume fraction and number of layers leads to an enhancement in flexural stiffness and increase in the delamination threshold load. The flexural properties of sandwich structures can be improved by increasing the thickness and elastic modulus of core. The results indicate that using carbon fibers into the composite skin is an efficient way to postpone the delamination of the skin from the core. Adding the CNTs can significantly enhance the delamination threshold load. 111 121 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/52021/11/122022/02/52022/05/222022/04/242022/07/21 1401/4/30 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/142022/04/232022/07/162022/07/172022/09/52022/11/20 1401/8/29 Hamid Rezaei Hamid Rezaei Faculty of Marine Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology iran hrezaei@aut.ac.ir Milad Noorabadi Milad Noorabadi Faculty of Marine Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology iran miladn2158@gmail.com Sandwich Structure Bending Delamination Microstructural Effect Finite Element method Gholamzadeh Babaki, M. H., & Shakouri, M. (2021). Free and forced vibration of sandwich plates with electrorheological core and functionally graded face layers. Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 49(5), 689-706.##Arakaki, F. K., & de Faria, A. R. (2018). An engineering vision about composite sandwich structures analysis. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 40(7), 1-12. ##https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-018-1215-4##Smith, C. S. (1990). Design of marine structures in composite materials. London, New York , USA: Elsevier Applied Science, Elsevier Science Pub. Co.##Mitra, N., Patra, A. K., Mondal, S., & Datta, P. K. (2019). Interfacial delamination crack profile estimation in polymer foam-cored sandwich composites. Engineering Structures, 189, 635-643. ##https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.076##Kapuria, S., & Ahmed, A. (2019). An efficient zigzag theory based finite element modeling of composite and sandwich plates with multiple delaminations using a hybrid continuity method. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 345, 212-232. ##https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2018.10.035##Ma, M., Yao, W., & Chen, Y. (2018). Critical energy release rate for facesheet/core delamination of sandwich panels. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 204, 361-368.##Frostig, Y., Baruch, M., Vilnay, O., & Sheinman, I. (1992). HighOrder Theory for SandwichBeam Behavior with Transversely Flexible Core. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 118(5), 1026-1043.##Glenn, C. E., & Hyer, M. W. (2005). Bending behavior of low-cost sandwich plates. Composites Part A, 10(36), 1449-1465.##Imielińska, K., Guillaumat, L., Wojtyra, R., & Castaings, M. (2008). Effects of manufacturing and face/core bonding on impact damage in glass/polyester-PVC foam core sandwich panels. Composites Part B: Engineering, 39(6), 1034-1041.##Jen, Y. M., & Chang, L. Y. (2008). Evaluating bending fatigue strength of aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams using local parameters. International Journal of Fatigue, 30(6), 1103-1114.##Pilipchuk, V. N., Berdichevsky, V. L., & Ibrahim, R. A. (2010). Thermo-mechanical coupling in cylindrical bending of sandwich plates. Composite Structures, 92(11), 2632-2640.##Wang, Z. X., & Shen, H. S. (2011). Nonlinear analysis of sandwich plates with FGM face sheets resting on elastic foundations. Composite Structures, 93(10), 2521-2532.##Cernescu, A., & Romanoff, J. (2015). Bending deflection of sandwich beams considering local effect of concentrated force. Composite Structures, 134, 169-175.##Cao, J., Cai, K., Wang, Q., & Shi, J. (2016). Damage behavior of a bonded sandwich beam with corrugated core under 3-point bending. Materials & Design, 95, 165-172.##D'Ottavio, M., Dozio, L., Vescovini, R., & Polit, O. (2016). Bending analysis of composite laminated and sandwich structures using sublaminate variable-kinematic Ritz models. Composite Structures, 155, 45-62.##Thai, C. H., Zenkour, A. M., Abdel Wahab, M., & Nguyen-Xuan, H. (2016). A simple four-unknown shear and normal deformations theory for functionally graded isotropic and sandwich plates based on isogeometric analysis. Composite Structures, 139, 77-95.##Li, D., Deng, Z., Xiao, H., & Jin, P. (2018). Bending analysis of sandwich plates with different face sheet materials and functionally graded soft core. Thin-Walled Structures, 122, 8-16.##Groh, R. M. J., & Tessler, A. (2017). Computationally efficient beam elements for accurate stresses in sandwich laminates and laminated composites with delaminations. Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering, 320, 369-395. ##https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2017.03.035##Caglayan, C., Gurkan, I., Gungor, S., & Cebeci, H. (2018). The effect of CNT-reinforced polyurethane foam cores to flexural properties of sandwich composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 115, 187-195.##Sayyad, A. S., & Ghugal, Y. M. (2017). Bending, buckling and free vibration of laminated composite and sandwich beams: A critical review of literature. Composite Structures, 171, 486-504.##Birman, V., & Kardomateas, G. A. (2018). Review of current trends in research and applications of sandwich structures. Composites Part B: Engineering, 142, 221-240.##Sun, Y., Guo, L. cheng, Wang, T. shu, Zhong, S. yang, & Pan, H. zhu. (2018). Bending behavior of composite sandwich structures with graded corrugated truss cores. Composite Structures, 185, 446-454.##Irfan, S., & Siddiqui, F. (2019). A review of recent advancements in finite element formulation for sandwich plates. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 32(4), 785-798.##Shipsha, A., Burman, M., & Zenkert, D. (1999). Interfacial fatigue crack growth in foam core sandwich structures. Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 22(2), 123-131.##Nøkkentved, A., Lundsgaard-Larsen, C., & Berggreen, C. (2005). Non-uniform Compressive Strength of Debonded Sandwich Panels - I. Experimental Investigation. Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials, 7(6), 461-482.##Berggreen, C., & Simonsen, B. C. (2005). Non-uniform Compressive Strength of Debonded Sandwich Panels - II. Fracture Mechanics Investigation. Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials, 7(6), 483-517.##Balzani, C., & Wagner, W. (2008). An interface element for the simulation of delamination in unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite laminates. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 75(9), 2597-2615. ##https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.03.013##Benzeggagh, M. L., & Kenane, M. (1996). Measurement of mixed-mode delamination fracture toughness of unidirectional glass/epoxy composites with mixed-mode bending apparatus. Composites Science and Technology, 56(4), 439-449.##ASTM C393 - 00, A Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Sandwich Constructions. (2000). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.##Xie, D., & Waas, A. M. (2006). Discrete cohesive zone model for mixed-mode fracture using finite element analysis. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 73(13), 1783-1796.##Carlsson, L. A., & Kardomateas, G. A. (2011). Structural and Failure Mechanics of Sandwich Composites (Vol. 121). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.##Yas, M. H., & Heshmati, M. (2012). Dynamic analysis of functionally graded nanocomposite beams reinforced by randomly oriented carbon nanotube under the action of moving load. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 36(4), 1371-1394. ##https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2011.08.037##Joshi, P., & Upadhyay, S. H. (2014). Effect of interphase on elastic behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube reinforced composite. Computational Materials Science, 87, 267-273.##Pan, Y., Weng, G. J., Meguid, S. A., Bao, W. S., Zhu, Z. H., & Hamouda, A. M. S. (2013). Interface effects on the viscoelastic characteristics of carbon nanotube polymer matrix composites. Mechanics of Materials, 58, 1-11.## ##

Numerical Analysis of Hydrodynamic-Structural and Vibration of Pump Jet Propulsion System of AUV 2 2 The aim of this paper is the numerical hydrodynamic, structure, and vibration analysis of a pump jet propulsion system that mounted the tail of the AUV. A home code based on the boundary element method coupled with XFOIL code is used to extract the initial pump jet geometry. Then computational fluid dynamics analysis of DTMB4119 benchmark propeller (for validation of numerical result) and desired pump jet propulsion system have carried out based on RANS method and realizable k-ɛ turbulence model. Pump jet geometry modification has been done so that in the maximum hydrodynamic efficiency, the maximum amount of rotor moment is neutralized by the stator moment. However, according to the obtained hydrodynamic results, the stator moment neutralizes 85% of the rotor moment in the best situation. The maximum accessible hydrodynamic efficiency of the designed pump jet propulsion is 83%. The structural analysis of the designed pump jet propulsion has been performed on the rotor, stator, hub, and duct. For structure and vibration analysis, the pressure distribution on the pump jet obtained from the CFD results is applied point by point. The pump jet is aluminum with a Young modulus of 70 GPa. Based on the obtained structural results, the rotor will not have a problem vibrating. 123 134 2021/06/222021/09/92021/08/182021/12/152021/11/262021/11/52021/11/122022/02/52022/05/222022/04/242022/07/212022/08/12 1401/5/21 2022/01/22022/02/82022/02/162022/04/92022/04/92022/04/142022/04/232022/07/162022/07/172022/09/52022/11/202022/11/30 1401/9/9 Ehsan Yari Ehsan Yari Maleke Ashtar University of Technology iran ehsanyari11@gmail.com Pump Jet Propulsion Hydrodynamic Structure Vibration CFD Ch. Suryanarayana, B. Satyanarayana, K. Ramji, (2001), Performance evaluation of an underwater body and pump jet by model testing in cavitation tunnel, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 57-67.##Stefan Ivanell, (2001), Hydrodynamic simulation of a torpedo with pump jet propulsion system, Master's thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.##D. Zhang, W. Shi, B. Chen and X. Guan, (2010), Unsteady flow analysis and experimental investigation of axial-flow pump, Journal of Hydrodynamics, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 35-43.##S. Bozorgi, M.S. Seif and M. Khaiatian, (2013), Determining the performance characteristics of the pump jet system numerically, 15th Marine Industries Conference, Iran, Kish Island.##Lü, Xiao-Jun & Zhou, Qi-Dou & Fang, Bin, (2014), Hydrodynamic performance of distributed pump-jet propulsion system for underwater vehicle, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B. 26. 523-530.##Pan, Guang & Lu, Lin & Sahoo, Prasanta, (2015), Numerical simulation of unsteady cavitating flows of pumpjet propulsor, Ships and Offshore Structures. 11. 1-11.##Yari, E., & Ghassemi, H, (2016), Free and forced vibrations of a shaft and propeller using the couple of finite volume method, boundary element method and finite element method, Journal of computational methods in engineering (ESTEGHLAL), 34(2), 13-36. (In Persian)##Lu, Lin & Pan, Guang & Wei, Jing & Pan, Yipeng, (2016), Numerical simulation of tip clearance impact on a pumpjet propulsor, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering. 8.##Lu, Lin & Pan, Guang & Sahoo, Prasanta, (2016), CFD prediction and simulation of a pumpjet propulsor, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering. 8.##Qin, Denghui & Pan, Guang & Qiaogao, Huang & Zhang, Zhengdong & Ke, Jiujiu, (2017), Numerical Investigation of Different Tip Clearances Effect on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Pumpjet Propulsor, International Journal of Computational Methods. 15. 1850037.##M Motallebi-Nejad, M Bakhtiari, H Ghassemi, M Fadavie, (2017), Numerical analysis of ducted propeller and pump jet propulsion system using periodic computational domain, Journal of Marine Science and Technology 22 (3), 559-573.##Qin, Denghui & Qiaogao, Huang & Shi, Yuejun & Pan, Guang & Shi, Yao & Dong, Xinguo, (2021), Comparison of hydrodynamic performance and wake vortices of two typical types of pumpjet propulsor. Ocean Engineering. 224. 108700.##Hu Jian, Weng Kaiqiang, Wang Chao, Gu Lang, Guo Chunyu, (2021), Prediction of hydrodynamic performance of pump jet propulsor considering the effect of gap flow model, Ocean Engineering, Volume 233.##Zhiwei Su, Shuaikang Shi, Xiuchang Huang, Zhiqiang Rao, Hongxing Hua, (2021), Vibro-acoustic characteristics of a coupled pump-jet - Shafting system - SUBOFF model under distributed unsteady hydrodynamics by a pump-jet, Ocean Engineering, Volume 235.##John Carlton, (2018), Marine propellers and propulsion, 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann publisher.##Frans T.M. Nieuwstadt, Jerry Westerweel, Bendiks J. Boersma, (2016), Turbulence: Introduction to Theory and Applications of Turbulent Flows, 1st ed. Birkhauser Verlag AG publisher.##Report of the propulsor Committee, (1992), Workshop Organized by 20th ITTC Propulsor, 23 August, Seoul Korea.##K. Boumediene, S. E. Belhenniche, (2016), Numerical analysis of the turbulent flow around DTMB 4119 marine propeller, International Journal of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Vol:10, No:2.##Ch. Suryanarayana, B. Satyanarayana, K. Ramji, (2001), Performance evaluation of an underwater body and pump jet by model testing in cavitation tunnel, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 57-67.##Stefan Ivanell, (2001), Hydrodynamic simulation of a torpedo with pump jet propulsion system, Master's thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.##D. Zhang, W. Shi, B. Chen and X. Guan, (2010), Unsteady flow analysis and experimental investigation of axial-flow pump, Journal of Hydrodynamics, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 35-43.##S. Bozorgi, M.S. Seif and M. Khaiatian, (2013), Determining the performance characteristics of the pump jet system numerically, 15th Marine Industries Conference, Iran, Kish Island.##Lü, Xiao-Jun & Zhou, Qi-Dou & Fang, Bin, (2014), Hydrodynamic performance of distributed pump-jet propulsion system for underwater vehicle, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B. 26. 523-530.##Pan, Guang & Lu, Lin & Sahoo, Prasanta, (2015), Numerical simulation of unsteady cavitating flows of pumpjet propulsor, Ships and Offshore Structures. 11. 1-11.##Yari, E., & Ghassemi, H, (2016), Free and forced vibrations of a shaft and propeller using the couple of finite volume method, boundary element method and finite element method, Journal of computational methods in engineering (ESTEGHLAL), 34(2), 13-36. (In Persian)##Lu, Lin & Pan, Guang & Wei, Jing & Pan, Yipeng, (2016), Numerical simulation of tip clearance impact on a pumpjet propulsor, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering. 8.##Lu, Lin & Pan, Guang & Sahoo, Prasanta, (2016), CFD prediction and simulation of a pumpjet propulsor, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering. 8.##Qin, Denghui & Pan, Guang & Qiaogao, Huang & Zhang, Zhengdong & Ke, Jiujiu, (2017), Numerical Investigation of Different Tip Clearances Effect on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Pumpjet Propulsor, International Journal of Computational Methods. 15. 1850037.##M Motallebi-Nejad, M Bakhtiari, H Ghassemi, M Fadavie, (2017), Numerical analysis of ducted propeller and pump jet propulsion system using periodic computational domain, Journal of Marine Science and Technology 22 (3), 559-573.##Qin, Denghui & Qiaogao, Huang & Shi, Yuejun & Pan, Guang & Shi, Yao & Dong, Xinguo, (2021), Comparison of hydrodynamic performance and wake vortices of two typical types of pumpjet propulsor. Ocean Engineering. 224. 108700.##Hu Jian, Weng Kaiqiang, Wang Chao, Gu Lang, Guo Chunyu, (2021), Prediction of hydrodynamic performance of pump jet propulsor considering the effect of gap flow model, Ocean Engineering, Volume 233.##Zhiwei Su, Shuaikang Shi, Xiuchang Huang, Zhiqiang Rao, Hongxing Hua, (2021), Vibro-acoustic characteristics of a coupled pump-jet - Shafting system - SUBOFF model under distributed unsteady hydrodynamics by a pump-jet, Ocean Engineering, Volume 235.##John Carlton, (2018), Marine propellers and propulsion, 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann publisher.##Frans T.M. Nieuwstadt, Jerry Westerweel, Bendiks J. Boersma, (2016), Turbulence: Introduction to Theory and Applications of Turbulent Flows, 1st ed. Birkhauser Verlag AG publisher.##Report of the propulsor Committee, (1992), Workshop Organized by 20th ITTC Propulsor, 23 August, Seoul Korea.##K. Boumediene, S. E. Belhenniche, (2016), Numerical analysis of the turbulent flow around DTMB 4119 marine propeller, International Journal of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Vol:10, No:2.##Ch. Suryanarayana, B. Satyanarayana, K. Ramji, (2001), Performance evaluation of an underwater body and pump jet by model testing in cavitation tunnel, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 57-67.##Stefan Ivanell, (2001), Hydrodynamic simulation of a torpedo with pump jet propulsion system, Master's thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.##D. Zhang, W. Shi, B. Chen and X. Guan, (2010), Unsteady flow analysis and experimental investigation of axial-flow pump, Journal of Hydrodynamics, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 35-43.##S. Bozorgi, M.S. Seif and M. Khaiatian, (2013), Determining the performance characteristics of the pump jet system numerically, 15th Marine Industries Conference, Iran, Kish Island.##Lü, Xiao-Jun & Zhou, Qi-Dou & Fang, Bin, (2014), Hydrodynamic performance of distributed pump-jet propulsion system for underwater vehicle, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B. 26. 523-530.##Pan, Guang & Lu, Lin & Sahoo, Prasanta, (2015), Numerical simulation of unsteady cavitating flows of pumpjet propulsor, Ships and Offshore Structures. 11. 1-11.##Yari, E., & Ghassemi, H, (2016), Free and forced vibrations of a shaft and propeller using the couple of finite volume method, boundary element method and finite element method, Journal of computational methods in engineering (ESTEGHLAL), 34(2), 13-36. (In Persian)##Lu, Lin & Pan, Guang & Wei, Jing & Pan, Yipeng, (2016), Numerical simulation of tip clearance impact on a pumpjet propulsor, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering. 8.##Lu, Lin & Pan, Guang & Sahoo, Prasanta, (2016), CFD prediction and simulation of a pumpjet propulsor, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering. 8.##Qin, Denghui & Pan, Guang & Qiaogao, Huang & Zhang, Zhengdong & Ke, Jiujiu, (2017), Numerical Investigation of Different Tip Clearances Effect on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Pumpjet Propulsor, International Journal of Computational Methods. 15. 1850037.##M Motallebi-Nejad, M Bakhtiari, H Ghassemi, M Fadavie, (2017), Numerical analysis of ducted propeller and pump jet propulsion system using periodic computational domain, Journal of Marine Science and Technology 22 (3), 559-573.##Qin, Denghui & Qiaogao, Huang & Shi, Yuejun & Pan, Guang & Shi, Yao & Dong, Xinguo, (2021), Comparison of hydrodynamic performance and wake vortices of two typical types of pumpjet propulsor. Ocean Engineering. 224. 108700.##Hu Jian, Weng Kaiqiang, Wang Chao, Gu Lang, Guo Chunyu, (2021), Prediction of hydrodynamic performance of pump jet propulsor considering the effect of gap flow model, Ocean Engineering, Volume 233.##Zhiwei Su, Shuaikang Shi, Xiuchang Huang, Zhiqiang Rao, Hongxing Hua, (2021), Vibro-acoustic characteristics of a coupled pump-jet - Shafting system - SUBOFF model under distributed unsteady hydrodynamics by a pump-jet, Ocean Engineering, Volume 235.##John Carlton, (2018), Marine propellers and propulsion, 4th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann publisher.##Frans T.M. Nieuwstadt, Jerry Westerweel, Bendiks J. Boersma, (2016), Turbulence: Introduction to Theory and Applications of Turbulent Flows, 1st ed. Birkhauser Verlag AG publisher.##Report of the propulsor Committee, (1992), Workshop Organized by 20th ITTC Propulsor, 23 August, Seoul Korea.##K. Boumediene, S. E. Belhenniche, (2016), Numerical analysis of the turbulent flow around DTMB 4119 marine propeller, International Journal of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Vol:10, No:2.## ##